2008 Draft Passenger Vessel Accessibility Guidelines

Draft PVAG (June 26, 2008)

1. Application and Administration
2. Scoping Requirements
3. Building Blocks
4. Accessible Routes, Accessible Means of Escape, and Accessible Passenger Boarding Systems
5. General Passenger Vessel Elements
6. Plumbing Elements and Facilities
7. Communication Elements and Features
8. Special Rooms, Spaces, and Elements
9. Built-In Elements
10. Recreation Facilities and Play Areas
11. Tenders

---

Chapter 1:  Application and Administration

V101 Purpose

V101.1 General.  This document contains scoping and technical requirements for accessibility to passenger vessels by individuals with disabilities.  The requirements are to be applied during the design, construction, additions to, and alteration of facilities and elements on passenger vessels to the extent required by regulations issued by Federal agencies under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA).

Advisory V101.1 General.  In addition to the requirements contained in this document, covered entities must comply with the regulations issued by the Department of Justice (see 28 CFR parts 35 and 36) and the Department of Transportation (see 49 CFR parts 37 and 39) under the Americans with Disabilities Act.

V101.2 Effect on Removal of Barriers in Existing Facilities.  This document does not address existing passenger vessels unless altered at the discretion of a covered entity.  The Department of Justice has authority over existing passenger vessels that are subject to the requirement for removal of barriers under title III of the ADA.  Any determination that this document applies to existing passenger vessels subject to the barrier removal requirement is solely within the discretion of the Department of Justice and is effective only to the extent required by regulations issued by the Department of Justice.

V102 Dimensions for Adults and Children.  The technical requirements are based on adult dimensions and anthropometrics.  In addition, this document includes technical requirements based on children’s dimensions and anthropometrics for drinking fountains, water closets, toilet compartments, lavatories and sinks, and tables and counters.

V103 Equivalent Facilitation.  Nothing in these requirements prevents the use of designs, products, or technologies as alternatives to those prescribed, provided they result in substantially equivalent or greater accessibility and usability.

Advisory V103 Equivalent Facilitation.  The responsibility for demonstrating equivalent facilitation in the event of a challenge rests with the covered entity.  With the exception of transit facilities, which are covered by regulations issued by the Department of Transportation, there is no process for certifying that an alternative design provides equivalent facilitation.

V104 Standard Practices

V104.1 Dimensions.  Dimensions that are not stated as “maximum” or “minimum” are absolute.

V104.2 Calculation of Percentages.  Where the required number of elements or facilities to be provided is determined by calculations of ratios or percentages and remainders or fractions result, the next greater whole number of such elements or facilities shall be provided.  Where the determination of the required size or dimension of an element or facility involves ratios or percentages, rounding down for values less than one half shall be permitted.

V104.3 Figures.  Unless specifically stated otherwise, figures are provided for informational purposes only.

V105 Referenced Standards

V105.1 General.  The standards listed in V105.2 are incorporated by reference in this document and are part of the requirements to the prescribed extent of each such reference.  The Director of the Federal Register has approved these standards for incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.  Copies of the referenced standards may be inspected at the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board, 1331 F Street, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20004.

V105.2 Referenced Standards.  The specific edition of the standards listed below are referenced in this document.  Where differences occur between this document and the referenced standards, this document applies.

V106 Definitions

V106.1 General.  For the purpose of this document, the terms defined in V106.5 have the indicated meaning.

Advisory V106.1 General.  Terms defined in section V106.5 are italicized in the text of this document.

V106.2 Terms Defined in Referenced Standards. Terms not defined in V106.5 or in regulations issued by the Department of Justice and the Department of Transportation to implement the Americans with Disabilities Act, but specifically defined in a referenced standard, shall have the specified meaning from the referenced standard unless otherwise stated.

V106.3 Undefined Terms.  The meaning of terms not specifically defined in V106.5 or in regulations issued by the Department of Justice and the Department of Transportation to implement the Americans with Disabilities Act, or in US Coast Guard regulations, or in referenced standards shall be as defined by collegiate dictionaries in the sense that the context implies.

V106.4 Interchangeability.  Words, terms and phrases used in the singular include the plural and those used in the plural include the singular.

V106.5 Defined Terms.

Accessible.  A passenger vessel or portion thereof that complies with this part.

Addition.  An expansion, extension, or increase in the gross deck area of a passenger vessel.

Administrative Authority.  The US Coast Guard or other governmental agency that adopts or enforces regulations and guidelines for the design, construction, or alteration of passenger vessels.

Alteration.  A change to a passenger vessel that affects or could affect the usability of the passenger vessel or portion thereof.  Alterations include, but are not limited to, remodeling, renovation, rehabilitation, reconstruction, historic restoration, changes or rearrangement of the structural parts or elements, and changes or rearrangement in the plan configuration of bulkheads (walls) and partitions.  Normal maintenance, painting or wallpapering, or changes to propulsion, mechanical and electrical systems are not alterations unless they affect the usability of the passenger vessel.

Area of Refuge.  An area that is separated from the effects of fire and flooding where passengers can gather in an emergency, and then if necessary be directed to an evacuation station for disembarking a vessel.

Area of Sport Activity.  That portion of a room or space where the play or practice of a sport occurs.

Area of Temporary Refuge.  An area where people who are unable to use stairs may remain temporarily to await further instructions or assistance during emergency evacuation.

Assembly Area.  A portion of a passenger vessel, used for the purpose of entertainment, educational or civic gatherings, or similar purposes.  For the purposes of these requirements, assembly areas include, but are not limited to, classrooms, passenger meeting rooms, motion picture houses, auditoria, theaters, playhouses, and dinner theaters.

Assistive Listening System (ALS).  An amplification system utilizing transmitters, receivers, and coupling devices to bypass the acoustical space between a sound source and a listener by means of induction loop, radio frequency, infrared, or direct-wired equipment.

Bulkhead Deck.  The upper most deck to which watertight bulkheads (walls) and the watertight shell extend.

Camber.  The transverse curvature given to the weather deck surfaces to shed water readily, increase deck surface strength, and increase headroom clearance on the centerline for the deck below.  Also known as the rise or crown of a deck.

Catch Pool.  A pool or designated section of a pool used as a terminus for water slide flumes.

Characters.  Letters, numbers, punctuation marks and typographic symbols.

Children’s Use.  Describes spaces and elements specifically designed for use primarily by people 12 years old and younger.

Circulation Path.  An exterior or interior way of passage provided for pedestrian travel, including but not limited to, weather deck areas, passageways, elevators, platform lifts, ramps, stairways, and landings.

Coaming.  The vertical plating located at the base of a door for the purpose of stiffening the edges of the opening and resisting entry of water.

Cross Slope.  The slope that is perpendicular to the direction of travel (see running slope).

Curb Ramp.  A short ramp cutting through a curb or built up to it.

Deck.  A horizontal division of a passenger vessel which contains space designed for passenger occupancy and generally corresponds to a story in a building.  A horizontal division without enclosed space, such as a sun deck, is considered a deck even though it is not provided with a covering.  A deck containing one or more mezzanines has more than one deck level.

Element.  An architectural or mechanical component of a passenger vessel, facility, or space.

Elevated Play Component.  A play component that is approached above the ground level of the play area and that is part of a composite play structure consisting of two or more play components attached or functionally linked to create an integrated unit providing more than one play activity.

Entry Deck.  A deck which contains passenger entry and departure points which allow pedestrian passengers to embark or disembark a passenger vessel from tenders, fixed piers, floating piers or the land in non-emergency conditions.

Evacuation Station.  The end point in a path of escape travel on a passenger vessel.  Evacuation stations include life boat embarkation stations, life raft embarkation stations, or other places where passengers depart the vessel in an emergency.

Facility.  All or any portion of passenger vessels, structures, vessel improvements, elements, and pedestrian routes or vehicular ways located on a passenger vessel.

Ferry.  A vessel that is used on a regular schedule — (A) to provide transportation only between places that are not more than 300 miles apart, and (B) to transport only — (i) passengers, or (ii) vehicles, or railroad cars, that are being used, or have been used, in transporting passengers or goods.

Gangway.  A variable-sloped pedestrian walkway which consists of one or more runs.

Ground Level.  The level within a deck where a play area is located.

Ground Level Play Component.  A play component that is approached and exited at the ground level.

ITC.  International Tonnage Convention.

Mail Boxes.  Receptacles for the receipt of documents, packages, or other deliverable matter.

Mezzanine.  An intermediate level or levels between the deck surface and ceiling of any deck with an aggregate deck surface area of not more than one-third of the area of the room or space in which the level or levels are located.  Mezzanines have sufficient elevation that space for human occupancy can be provided on the deck level below.  Also known as the tween deck.

Occupant Load.  The maximum number of persons that a space is permitted to accommodate.

Operable Part.  A component of an element used to insert or withdraw objects, or to activate, deactivate, or adjust the element.

Pictogram.  A pictorial symbol that represents activities, facilities, or concepts.

Play Area.  A portion of a passenger vessel containing play components designed and constructed for children.

Play Component.  An element intended to generate specific opportunities for play, socialization, or learning.  Play components are manufactured or part of the vessel; and are stand-alone or part of a composite play structure.

Qualified Historic Passenger Vessel.  A passenger vessel that is listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or designated as historic under an appropriate State or local law.

Ramp.  A walking surface that has a running slope steeper than 1:20.

Running Slope.  The slope that is parallel to the direction of travel (see cross slope).

Sailing Vessel.  A vessel principally equipped for propulsion by sail even if the vessel has an auxiliary means of propulsion.

Sheer.  The fore-and-aft curvature from bow to stern of a ship’s deck surface as shown in side elevation.

Soft Contained Play Structure.  A play structure made up of one or more play components where the user enters a fully enclosed play environment that utilizes pliable materials, such as plastic, netting, or fabric.

SOLAS.  International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, to which the United States Government is a party.

Space.  A definable area, such as a room, toilet room, corridor, assembly area, open deck area, storage room, alcove, or lobby

Structural Members.  The components of the passenger vessel that give it its inherent strength, integrity, and resistance to damage.  Examples include, but are not limited to, the keel, keelson, stem and stern posts, frames, longitudinals, structural decks, structural and fire protection bulkheads (walls), gussets, stanchions, columns, girders, beams, knees, trusses, and hull plating and planking.

Tactile.  An object that can be perceived using the sense of touch.

Technically Infeasible.  With respect to an alteration of a passenger vessel, something that has little likelihood of being accomplished because existing structural conditions would require removing or altering an essential structural member; or because other existing physical or vessel constraints prohibit modification or addition of elements, spaces, or features that are in full and strict compliance with the minimum requirements.

Tender.  A vessel primarily intended for transporting passengers for non-emergency purposes between passenger vessels and shore side facilities.

Transition Plate.  A sloping pedestrian walkway located at the end(s) of a gangway, or between gangways segments on a telescoping gangway.

Transportation Seating Area.  An area, other than an assembly area, where fixed seats are provided for passengers.

TTY.  An abbreviation for teletypewriter.  Machinery that employs interactive text-based communication through the transmission of coded signals across the telephone network.  TTYs may include, for example, devices known as TDDs (telecommunication display devices or telecommunication devices for deaf persons) or computers with special modems.  TTYs are also called text telephones.

Use Zone.  The area beneath and immediately adjacent to a play structure or play equipment that is designated by ASTM F 1487 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1) for unrestricted circulation around the play equipment and where it is predicted that a user would land when falling from or exiting the play equipment.

Vehicular Way.  A route provided for vehicular traffic.

Wheelchair Space.  Space for a single wheelchair and its occupant.

---

Chapter 2:  Scoping Requirements

V201 Application

V201.1 Scope.  All areas of newly designed and newly constructed passenger vessels and altered portions of existing passenger vessels shall comply with this document to the extent required by V201.1.

Exception:  Non-fixed features of a passenger vessel shall not be required to comply with this document.

V201.2 Application Based on Facility Use.  Where a facility, room, or space on a passenger vessel contains more than one use, each portion shall comply with the applicable requirements for that use.

V201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures.  These requirements shall apply to temporary and permanent facilities on passenger vessels.

Advisory V201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures.  Temporary facilities covered by these requirements include, but are not limited to, reviewing stands, bleacher areas, stages, platforms and daises, fixed furniture systems, wall systems, and exhibit areas.

V202 Existing Passenger Vessels

V202.1 General.  Additions and alterations to existing passenger vessels shall comply with V202.

V202.2 Additions.  Each addition to an existing passenger vessel shall comply with the requirements for new construction.  Each addition that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall comply with V202.4.

V202.3 Alterations.  Where existing elements or spaces are altered, each altered element or space shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 2.

Advisory V202.3 Alterations.  Although covered entities are permitted to limit the scope of an alteration to individual elements, the alteration of multiple elements within a room or space may provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire room or space accessible.  Any elements or spaces of the passenger vessel or facility that are required to comply with these requirements must be made accessible within the scope of the alteration, to the maximum extent feasible.  If providing accessibility in compliance with these requirements for people with one type of disability (e.g., people who use wheelchairs) is not feasible, accessibility must still be provided in compliance with the requirements for people with other types of disabilities (e.g., people who have hearing impairments or who have vision impairments) to the extent that such accessibility is feasible.

V202.3.1 Prohibited Reduction in Access.  An alteration that decreases or has the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a passenger vessel below the requirements for new construction at the time of the alteration is prohibited.

V202.3.2 Extent of Application.  An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a passenger vessel shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction.

V202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas.  In addition to the requirements of V202.3, an alteration that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall be made so as to ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel to the altered area, including the rest rooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered area, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, unless such alterations are disproportionate to the overall alterations in terms of cost and scope as determined under criteria established by the Attorney General.

V202.5 Alterations to Qualified Historic Passenger Vessels.  Alterations to a qualified historic passenger vessel shall comply with V202.3 and V202.4.

Exception:  Where the State Historic Preservation Officer or Advisory Council on Historic Preservation determines that compliance with the requirements for onboard accessible routes or toilet facilities would threaten or destroy the historic significance of the passenger vessel, the exceptions for alterations to qualified historic passenger vessels for that element shall be permitted to apply.

V203 General Exceptions

V203.1 General.  Passenger vessels shall be exempt from these requirements to the extent specified by V203.

V203.2 Employee Areas and Features.  Areas and features of passenger vessels which are intended for use only by employees shall not be required to comply with this document.

Advisory V203.2 Employee Areas and Features.  Where an accessible means of escape required by V207 runs through an employee space, only the circulation path in the space containing the accessible means of escape is subject to applicable accessibility requirements because the circulation path is not intended for use only by employees.

V203.3 Limited Access Spaces.  Spaces accessed only by ladders, catwalks, crawl spaces, manholes, hatches, or very narrow passageways shall not be required to comply with this document.

V203.4 Camber and Sheer.  Where necessary to meet camber and sheer needs of the vessel, running slopes and cross slopes shall comply with this document to the maximum extent feasible.

V203.5 Water Slides.  Water slides shall not be required to comply with this document.

V203.6 Raised Diving Boards.  Raised diving boards shall not be required to comply with this document.

V203.7 Diving Platforms and Swimming Platforms.  Diving platforms and swimming platforms shall not be required to comply with this document, if the platforms:  1) are located on the outboard side of passenger vessels, 2) do not function as part of a passenger boarding system subject to V208, and 3) do not function as a tender boarding platform subject to V206.4.

V203.8 Raised Sporting Platforms.  Raised sporting platforms shall not be required to comply with this document.

V204 Protruding Objects

V204.1 General.  Protruding objects on circulation paths shall comply with V307.

Exceptions:  1.  Within areas of sport activity, protruding objects on circulation paths shall not be required to comply with V307.

2.  Within play areas, protruding objects on circulation paths shall not be required to comply with V307 if ground level accessible routes provide vertical clearance in compliance with V1004.2.

V205 Operable Parts

V205.1 General. Operable parts on elements required to comply with this document, on onboard accessible routes, and in rooms or spaces required to comply with this document shall comply with V309.

Exceptions:  1.  Operable parts that are intended for use only by employees shall not be required to comply with V309.

2.  Electrical or communication receptacles serving a dedicated use shall not be required to comply with V309.

3.  Where two or more outlets are provided in a galley or pantry above a length of counter top that is uninterrupted by a sink or appliance, one outlet shall not be required to comply with V309.

4.  Deck surface electrical receptacles shall not be required to comply with V309.

5.  HVAC diffusers shall not be required to comply with V309.

6.  Except for light switches, where redundant controls are provided for a single element, one control in each space shall not be required to comply with V309.

7.  Exercise machines shall not be required to comply with V309.

Advisory V205.1 General.  Section V205.1 covers controls used by passengers including, but are not limited to, light switches, circuit breakers, duplexes and other convenience receptacles, environmental and appliance controls, plumbing fixture controls, and security and intercom systems.

V206 Onboard Accessible Routes

V206.1 General.  Onboard accessible routes shall be provided in accordance with V206 and shall comply with V402.

V206.2 Where Required.  Onboard accessible routes shall be provided where required by V206.2.

V206.3 Location.  Onboard accessible routes shall coincide with or be located in the same area as general passenger circulation paths.  Where any two interior spaces which are required to comply with this document are connected by an interior general passenger circulation path, the onboard accessible route connecting the same two spaces shall also be interior.  An onboard accessible route connecting any two spaces required to comply with this document shall not be more than 300 feet (91 m) longer than the shortest general passenger circulation path connecting the same two spaces.

Exception:  Where the largest deck is less than 3000 square feet (279 m²), section V206.3 shall not apply.

V206.4 Entry and Departure Points.  Each entry and departure point used by passengers shall be on an onboard accessible route.

Exception:  Only one tender boarding platform on the port and starboard side of the vessel is required to be on an onboard accessible route.

V206.5 Doors, Doorways, and Gates.  Doors, doorways, and gates providing user passage shall be provided in accordance with V206.5.

V206.6 Elevators.  Elevators provided for passengers shall comply with V407.  Where multiple elevators are provided, each elevator shall comply with V407.

Exceptions:  1.  In a passenger vessel permitted to use the exceptions to V206.2.1 or permitted by V206.7 to use a platform lift, elevators complying with V408 shall be permitted.

2.  In passenger vessels less than 10,000 ITC tons, elevators complying with V408 shall be permitted.

Advisory V206.6 Elevators Exception 2.  The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 (ITC) is a treaty to which the United States is a party.  “Tonnage” is a commonly-used measurement of a ship’s size and is used for various international and domestic purposes (e.g., determining taxes, pilotage and port fees, manning, licensing and training of officers and crew, and shipboard equipment).  These guidelines use the measurement system established by the ITC for determining where limited-use-limited-application elevators are permitted to be used when providing vertical access.

V206.7 Platform Lifts.  Platform lifts shall comply with V409.  Platform lifts shall be permitted as a component of an onboard accessible route in new construction in accordance with V206.7.

Exception:  In alterations, platform lifts shall be permitted as a component of any onboard accessible route.

V207 Accessible Means of Escape

V207.1 General.  Accessible means of escape shall be provided in accordance with V207.  Each accessible means of escape shall be a continuous path of escape travel complying with V410 to an evacuation station.

Exception:  In alterations, accessible means of escape shall not be required.

V207.2 Number Required.  Where one means of escape is required by the administrative authority from a space required to comply with this document, the space shall be served by at least one accessible means of escape.  Where more than one means of escape is required by the administrative authority from a space required to comply with this document, the space shall be served by at least two accessible means of escape.

Exceptions:  1.  Where a required means of escape is permitted by the administrative authority to include a ladder, window, hatch, or deck scuttle, the corresponding accessible means of escape shall not be required.

2.  Where required means of escape are permitted by the administrative authority to share a common path of escape travel, the corresponding accessible means of escape shall be permitted to share a common path of escape travel.

Advisory V207.2 Required Number.  For US flag passenger vessels, the US Coast Guard (USCG) is the administrative authority for determining the number of means of escape which are required from a space.  For each space required to comply with this document, the USCG number (for the applicable space) is used to determine the number of accessible means of escape complying with V410 which must be provided.

V207.3 Elevators.  Where an accessible means of escape from any passenger deck travels vertically four or more decks, at least one accessible means of escape from each passenger deck shall contain an elevator complying with V206.6 and V410.3.

Exceptions:  1.  Where vessels are protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the elevator is not required to connect decks that:  (1) are located above the highest deck containing evacuation stations, and (2) have at least two main vertical zones complying with requirements established by the administrative authority.

2.  Where vessels are protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the elevator shall not be required to those decks connected by a ramp complying with V405.

3.  Where vertical access is not required by an exception under V206.2.1, an elevator shall not be required.

Advisory V207.3 Elevators.  The elevator required by this section is intended to be crew operated in an emergency.  The Marine Safety Committee Circular 846 of the International Maritime Organization provides that in emergencies, lifts (elevators) may be used as an additional means of escape if they are controlled by the assigned member of the crew and are supplied from the ships emergency source of power.  Elevators required by V206.2.1 may also be used to comply with this section if the elevators also comply with V410.3.

V208 Passenger Vessel Boarding

V208.1 General.  Where required by criteria established by the US Department of Transportation, at least one passenger boarding system complying with V412 shall connect an entry deck to fixed piers, floating piers, or landside structures.

Advisory V208.1 General.  The passenger boarding system may be carried by the vessel or located at landside structures, or partially carried by the vessel and located on land.  The Department of Transportation criteria can be found in 46 CFR part 39.XXXX.

V209 Stairways

V209.1 General.  Interior and exterior stairs connecting levels not connected by an onboard accessible route shall comply with V502.

Exceptions:  1.  In assembly areas, aisle stairs shall not be required to comply with V502.

2.  Stairs that connect play components shall not be required to comply with V502.

3.  Where the largest deck is less than 3000 square feet (279 m²), stairs are not required to comply with V209.

V210 Rinsing Showers

V210.1 General.  Where provided, rinsing showers shall comply with V608.

Exception:  Where rinsing showers are clustered at a single location, at least one shall comply with V608.

Advisory V210.1 General Exception.  A “cluster” is a group of rinsing showers proximate to one another, generally, within sight of, or adjacent to, one another.

V211 Drinking Fountains

V211.1 General.  Where provided on a deck, drinking fountains shall be provided in accordance with V211.

V211.2 Minimum Number.  No fewer than two drinking fountains shall be provided.  One drinking fountain shall comply with V602.1 through V602.6 and one drinking fountain shall comply with V602.7.

Exception:  Where a single drinking fountain complies with V602.1 through V602.6 and V602.7 it shall be permitted to be substituted for two separate drinking fountains.

V211.3 More Than Minimum Number.  Where more than the minimum number of drinking fountains specified in V211.2 is provided, 50 percent of the total number of drinking fountains provided shall comply with V602.1 through V602.6 and 50 percent of the total number of drinking fountains provided shall comply with V602.7.

Exception:  Where 50 percent of the drinking fountains yields a fraction, 50 percent shall be permitted to be rounded up or down if the total number of drinking fountains complying with V211 equals 100 percent of drinking fountains.

V212 Galleys, Pantries, and Sinks

V212.1 General.  Where provided, galleys, pantries, and sinks shall comply with V212.

V212.2 Galleys and Pantries.  Galleys and pantries shall comply with V804.

V212.3 Sinks.  Where sinks are provided, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type provided in each room or space required to comply with this document shall comply with V606.

Exception:  Mop or service sinks shall not be required to comply with V212.3.

V213 Toilet Facilities and Bathing Facilities

V213.1 General.  Where passenger toilet facilities and passenger bathing facilities are provided, they shall comply with V213.

V213.2 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms.  Where toilet rooms are provided, each toilet room shall comply with V603.  Where bathing rooms are provided, each bathing room shall comply with V603.

Exceptions:  1.  In alterations, where it is technically infeasible to comply with V603, the existing toilet rooms or bathing rooms shall comply to the maximum extent feasible in accordance with V202.3 exception 2, or provide a single unisex toilet room or bathing room complying with V213.2.1 that is located in the same area and on the same deck as existing inaccessible toilet or bathing rooms.

2.  Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic passenger vessels are permitted by V202.5, no fewer than one toilet room for each sex complying with V603 or one unisex toilet room complying with V213.2.1 shall be provided.

3.  Where multiple single user portable toilet or bathing units are clustered at a single location, no more than 5 percent of the toilet units and bathing units at each cluster shall be required to comply with V603.  Portable toilet units and bathing units complying with V603 shall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with V703.7.2.1.

4.  Where multiple single user toilet rooms are clustered at a single location, no more than 50 percent of the single user toilet rooms for each use at each cluster shall be required to comply with V603.

5.  On high speed ferries, where multiple single user toilet rooms are clustered at a single location, no more than five percent of the single user toilet rooms for each use at each cluster shall be required to comply with V603.

V213.3 Plumbing Fixtures and Accessories.  Plumbing fixtures and accessories provided in a toilet room or bathing room required to comply with V213.2 shall comply with V213.3.

V214 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers

V214.1 General.  Where provided, washing machines and clothes dryers shall comply with V214.

V214.2 Washing Machines.  Where three or fewer washing machines are provided, at least one shall comply with V611.  Where more than three washing machines are provided, at least two shall comply with V611.

V214.3 Clothes Dryers.  Where three or fewer clothes dryers are provided, at least one shall comply with V611.  Where more than three clothes dryers are provided, at least two shall comply with V611.

V215 Emergency Alarm Systems

V215.1 General.  Where emergency alarm systems are provided to alert passengers, alarms shall comply with V215.

Exception:  In alterations, compliance with V215 shall not be required except where an existing alarm system is upgraded or replaced, or a new alarm system is installed.

V215.2 Public Areas.  Alarms in public areas shall comply with principles of best practice.

V215.3 Guest Rooms.  Guest rooms required to comply with V224.4 shall provide alarms complying with principles of best practice.

V216 Signs

V216.1 General.  Signs shall be provided in accordance with V216 and shall comply with V703.

Exceptions:  1.  Vessel directories, menus, seat and row designations in assembly areas, occupant names, vessel names, and company names and logos shall not be required to comply with V216.

2.  In parking facilities, signs shall not be required to comply with V216.2, V216.3, and V216.6 through V216.9.

3.  Temporary, 7 days or less, signs shall not be required to comply with V216.

V216.2 Designations.  Interior and exterior signs identifying permanent rooms and spaces shall comply with V703.1, V703.2, and V703.5.  Where pictograms are provided as designations of permanent interior rooms and spaces, the pictograms shall comply with V703.6 and shall have text descriptors complying with V703.2 and V703.5.

Exception:  Exterior signs that are not located at the door to the space they serve shall not be required to comply with V703.2.

Advisory V216.2 Designations.  Section V216.2 applies to signs that provide designations, labels, or names for rooms or spaces where the sign is not likely to change over time.  Examples include signs labeling restrooms, room and deck numbers or letters, and room names.  Tactile text descriptors are required for pictograms that are provided to label or identify a permanent room or space.  Pictograms that provide information about a room or space, such as “no smoking,” occupant logos, and the International Symbol of Accessibility, are not required to have text descriptors.

V216.3 Directional and Informational Signs.  Signs that provide direction to or information about spaces and facilities of the passenger vessel shall comply with V703.5.

Advisory V216.3 Directional and Informational Signs.  Information about interior spaces and facilities includes rules of conduct, occupant load, and similar signs.  Signs providing direction to rooms or spaces include those that identify escape routes.

V216.4 Means of Escape.  Signs for means of escape shall comply with V216.4.

V216.5 Exterior Doors.  Where not all exterior public doors comply with V404, public doors complying with V404 shall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with V703.7.2.1.  Directional signs complying with V703.5 that indicate the location of the nearest public door complying with V404 shall be provided at exterior public doors that do not comply with V404.

V216.6 Elevators.  In alterations, where existing elevators do not comply with V407 or V408, elevators complying with V407 or V408 shall be clearly identified with the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with V703.7.2.1.

V216.7 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms.  Signs for toilet rooms and bathing rooms shall be provided in accordance with V216.7

V216.8 TTYs.  Identification and directional signs for public TTYs shall be provided in accordance with V216.8.

V216.9 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones.  Where signs provide direction to public telephones, they shall also provide direction to public wheelchair accessible telephones required by V217, unless all public telephone locations have wheelchair accessible telephones.  Directional signs shall comply with V703.5.

V216.10 Assistive Listening Systems.  Each assembly area and transportation seating area required by V219 to provide assistive listening systems shall provide signs informing patrons of the availability of the assistive listening system and type of transmitter and receiver used.  Assistive listening signs shall comply with V703.5 and shall include the International Symbol of Access for Hearing Loss complying with V703.7.2.3.

Exception:  Where passenger vessels have a central passenger service station to distribute receivers for assistive listening systems and other effective methods besides signage are used to notify passengers of the availability, location, and type of assistive listening systems provided, section V216.8 shall not apply.

V216.11 Check-Out Aisles.  Where more than one check-out aisle is provided, check-out aisles complying with V904.3 shall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with V703.7.2.1.  Where check-out aisles are identified by numbers, letters, or functions, signs identifying check-out aisles complying with V904.3 shall be located in the same location as the check-out aisle identification.

Exception:  Where all check-out aisles serving a single function comply with V904.3, signs complying with V703.7.2.1 shall not be required.

V217 Telephones

V217.1 General.  Where public telephones are provided, public telephones shall be provided in accordance with V217 for each type of public telephone provided.

Advisory V217.1 General.  These requirements apply to all types of fixed public telephones, including courtesy phones provided at passenger vessel restaurants or concierge desks that provide free direct connections to passenger guest rooms or guest services.

V217.2 Minimum Number.  Where a public telephone is provided on a deck, at least one shall be a wheelchair accessible public telephone complying with V704.2 and at least one shall be a public TTY complying with V704.4.

V217.3 Volume Controls.  All public telephones shall have volume controls complying with V704.3.

V217.4 Hearing Aid Compatibility.  All public telephones shall be hearing aid compatible.

V218 Two-Way Communication Systems

V218.1 General.  Where a two-way communication system is provided to gain admittance to a passenger vessel or to restricted areas open to passengers within a passenger vessel, the system shall comply with V705.

V219 Assistive Listening Systems

V219.1 General.  Assistive listening systems shall be provided in accordance with V219.

Advisory V219.1 General.  Assistive listening systems transmit an audio signal to receivers to assist people who are hard of hearing in understanding the audio signal received by others from room sound systems (e.g., in a movie theater).  Further information can be found in the advisories under V706.

V219.2 Required Systems.  In each assembly and transportation seating area where a permanently installed audio amplification system is provided and audible communication is integral to the use of the space, a permanently installed assistive listening system complying with V706 shall be provided.

Advisory V219.2 Required Systems.  Although this document only requires assistive listening systems to be provided in assembly and transportation seating areas where two conditions are met, the ADA regulations of the Department of Justice and Department of Transportation regarding auxiliary aids and services may require assistive listening systems to be provided in other areas to make communications available to people who are hard of hearing.

V219.3 Receivers.  Receivers complying with V706.3 shall be provided for assistive listening systems in assembly and transportation seating areas in accordance with Table V219.3.  The minimum number of receivers shall be based on the total seating capacity in all the assembly and transportation seating areas required to comply with V219.2 that use the same type of assistive listening system.  Twenty-five percent minimum of receivers provided, but no fewer than two, for each type of assistive listening system, shall be hearing-aid compatible and shall comply with V706.4.

Exceptions:  1.  Where an induction loop assistive listening system is provided, the minimum number of receivers required by Table V219.3 to be hearing-aid compatible shall not be required to be provided.

2.  Where the total seating capacity in all assembly and transportation seating areas required to comply with V219.2 is more than the maximum number of passengers the vessel is permitted to carry, the number of receivers shall be permitted to be based on the maximum number of passengers permitted to be carried.

Table V219.3 Receivers for Assistive Listening Systems

Capacity of Seating	Minimum Number of Required Receivers	Minimum Number of Required Receivers Required to be Hearing-Aid Compatible
50 or less	2	2
51 to 200	2, plus 1 per 25 seats over 50 seats, or fraction thereof	2
201 to 500	2, plus 1 per 25 seats over 50 seats, or fraction thereof	1 per 4 receivers, or fraction thereof
501 to 1000	20, plus 1 per 33 seats over 500 seats, or fraction thereof	1 per 4 receivers, or fraction thereof
1001 to 2000	35, plus 1 per 50 seats over 1000 seats, or fraction thereof	1 per 4 receivers, or fraction thereof
2001 and over	55, plus 1 per 100 seats over 2000 seats , or fraction thereof	1 per 4 receivers, or fraction thereof

Advisory V219.3 Receivers.  Assistive listening systems are generally categorized by their mode of transmission.  There are hard-wired systems and three types of wireless systems: induction loop, infrared, and FM radio transmission.  Where no seats are provided in an assembly area, the occupant load of the assembly area would be used to determine the seating capacity, and therefore number of receivers.

V220 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines

V220.1 General.  Where automatic teller machines or self-service fare vending, collection, or adjustment machines are provided, at least one of each type provided at each location shall comply with V707.  Where bins are provided for envelopes, waste paper, or other purposes, at least one of each type shall comply with V807.

V221 Assembly Areas

V221.1 General.  Assembly areas shall comply with V221.

Exception:  In passenger vessels that function primarily as ferries, assembly areas shall be permitted to comply with V222.

Advisory V221.1 General.  The term assembly area is defined in V106.5 as a portion of a passenger vessel, used for the purpose of entertainment, educational or civic gatherings, or similar purposes.  Assembly areas include, but are not limited to, classrooms, passenger meeting rooms, motion picture houses, auditoria, theaters, playhouses, and dinner theaters.  Assembly areas should not be confused with the term areas of refuge (also known as assembly stations or muster stations).  Areas of refuge are typically large spaces that are separated from the effects of fire and flooding where passengers can gather in an emergency, and then if necessary be directed to an evacuation station for disembarking a vessel.  It is possible that an assembly area could be designed and constructed to also function as an area of refuge.  Section V222 addresses transportation seating areas which are defined in V106.5 as an area, other than an assembly area, where fixed seats are provided for passengers.

V221.2 Wheelchair Spaces.  Wheelchair spaces shall be provided in assembly areas with fixed seating in accordance with V221.2.

V221.3 Companion Seats.  At least one companion seat complying with V802.3 shall be provided for each wheelchair space required by V221.2.1.

V221.4 Designated Aisle Seats.  In assembly areas, at least 5 percent of the total number of fixed aisle seats provided shall comply with V802.4 and shall be the aisle seats located closest to onboard accessible routes.

Advisory V221.4 Designated Aisle Seats in Assembly Areas.  When selecting which aisle seats will meet the requirements of V802.4, those aisle seats which are closest to, not necessarily on, accessible routes must be selected first.  For example, an assembly area has two aisles (A and B) serving seating areas with an accessible route connecting to the top and bottom of Aisle A only.  The aisle seats chosen to meet V802.4 must be those at the top and bottom of Aisle A, working toward the middle.  Only when all seats on Aisle A would not meet the five percent minimum would seats on Aisle B be designated.

V222 Transportation Seating Areas

V222.1 General.  Transportation seating areas shall comply with V222.

V222.2 Entry Deck Location.  Where transportation seating areas are provided on decks not connected by an onboard accessible route to an entry deck as permitted by the exceptions in V206.2.1, at least one transportation seating area complying with V222 shall be provided on an entry deck.

V222.3 Wheelchair Spaces.  The number of wheelchair spaces shall be provided in accordance with V222.3.

Table V222.3 Number of Wheelchair Spaces

Number of Seats	Minimum Number of Required Wheelchair Spaces
1 to 60	1
61 to 120	2
121 to 180	3
181 to 240	4
241 to 300	5
301 to 500	6
501 to 5000	6, plus 1 for each 150, or fraction thereof, between 501 through 5000
5001 and over	36, plus 1 for each 200, or fraction thereof, over 5000

V223 Medical Care Facilities

V223.1 General.  Where patient sleeping rooms are provided in medical care facilities, at least 10 percent, but no fewer than one, of the patient sleeping rooms shall provide mobility features complying with V805.

Exception:  Toilet rooms that are part of critical or intensive care patient sleeping rooms shall not be required to comply with V603.

V224 Passenger Guest Rooms

V224.1 General.  Passenger vessels shall provide guest rooms in accordance with V224.

V224.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features.  Guest rooms with mobility features complying with V806.2 shall be provided in accordance with Table V224.2.

Table V224.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features

Total Number of Guest Rooms Provided	Minimum Required Number of Rooms With Tubs or Showers	Minimum Number of Required Rooms With Roll-In Showers	Total Number of Required Rooms
1 to 25	1	0	1
26 to 50	2	0	2
51 to 75	3	1	4
76 to 100	4	1	5
101 to 150	5	2	7
151 to 200	6	2	8
201 to 300	7	3	10
301 to 400	8	4	12
401 to 500	9	4	13
501 to 1000	2 percent of total	1 percent of total	3 percent of total
1001 and over	20, plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000	10, plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000	30, plus 2 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000

V224.3 Beds.  In guest rooms having more than 25 beds, 5 percent minimum of the beds shall have clear deck space complying with V806.2.3.

V224.4 Communication Features.  Guest rooms with communication features complying with V806.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table V224.4.

Table V224.4 Guest Rooms with Communication Features

Total Number of Guest Rooms Provided	Minimum Number of Required Guest Rooms with Communication Features
2 to 25	2
26 to 50	4
51 to 75	7
76 to 100	9
101 to 150	12
151 to 200	14
201 to 300	17
301 to 400	20
401 to 500	22
501 to 1000	5 percent of total
1001 and over	50, plus 3 for each 100 over 1000

V224.5 Dispersion.  Guest rooms required to provide mobility features complying with V806.2 and guest rooms required to provide communication features complying with V806.3 shall be dispersed among the various classes of guest rooms, and shall provide choices of types of guest rooms, number of beds, and other amenities comparable to the choices provided to other guests.  Where the minimum number of guest rooms required to comply with V806 is not sufficient to allow for complete dispersion, guest rooms shall be dispersed in the following priority: guest room type, number of beds, and amenities.  At least one guest room required to provide mobility features complying with V806.2 shall also provide communication features complying with V806.3.  Not more than 10 percent of guest rooms required to provide mobility features complying with V806.2 shall be used to satisfy the minimum number of guest rooms required to provide communication features complying with V806.3.

Advisory V224.5 Dispersion.  Factors to be considered in providing an equivalent range of options may include, but are not limited to, room size, bed size, cost, view, bathroom fixtures such as hot tubs and spas, smoking and nonsmoking, and the number of rooms provided.

V224.6 Location.  Guest rooms required to provide mobility features complying with V806.2 shall be provided on an entry deck or on decks connected to an entry deck by an onboard accessible route.

V225 Storage

V225.1 General.  Storage facilities shall comply with V225.

V225.2 Storage.  Where storage is provided in spaces required to comply with this document, at least one of each type shall comply with V807.

Advisory V225.2 Storage.  Types of storage include, but are not limited to, closets, cabinets, shelves, clothes rods, hooks, and drawers.  Where provided, at least one of each type of storage must be within the reach ranges specified in V308; however, it is permissible to install additional storage outside the reach ranges.

V225.3 Self-Service Shelving.  Self-service shelves shall be located on an onboard accessible route complying with V402.  Self-service shelving shall not be required to comply with V308.

Advisory V225.3 Self-Service Shelving.  Self-service shelves include, but are not limited to, library or store shelves.  Self-service shelves at food service lines are subject to V227.4.

V226 Tables and Counters Without Fixed Seats

V226.1 General.  Where tables or counters without fixed seats are provided for passenger use in spaces or facilities required to comply with this document, at least 5 percent of the seating or standing spaces at the tables and counters shall comply with V902.

Exceptions:  1.  Sales and service counters and tables, shall not be required to comply with V902.

2.  Check writing surfaces provided at check-out aisles not required to comply with V904.3 shall not be required to comply with V902.

Advisory V226.1 General.  Although the requirements of V226 only apply to standing spaces and open seating spaces at installed tables and counters without fixed seats (see V201.1), the provisions in V226 can be used to provide guidance in meeting the needs of persons with disabilities where portable tables are provided.  Where fixed seats are provided at tables or counters, the requirements of V221 or V222 would apply instead of V226.

V226.2 Dispersion.  Tables and counters required to comply with V902 shall be dispersed throughout the space or facility.

V227 Sales and Service

V227.1 General.  Where provided, check-out aisles, sales counters, service counters, food service lines, queues, and waiting lines shall comply with V227 and V904.

V227.2 Check-Out Aisles.  Where check-out aisles are provided, check-out aisles complying with V904.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table V227.2.  Where check-out aisles serve different functions, check-out aisles complying with V904.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table V227.2 for each function.  Where check-out aisles are dispersed throughout the passenger vessel or facility, check-out aisles complying with V904.3 shall be dispersed.

Exception:  Where the selling space is under 5000 square feet (465 m²) no more than one check-out aisle complying with V904.3 shall be required.

Table V227.2 Accessible Check-Out Aisles

Number of Check-Out Aisles of Each Function	Minimum Number of Check-Out Aisles of Each Function Required to Comply with V904.3
1 to 4	1
5 to 8	2
9 to 15	3
16 and over	3, plus 20 percent of additional aisles

V227.3 Counters.  Where provided, at least one of each type of sales counter and service counter shall comply with V904.4.  Where counters are dispersed throughout the facility, counters complying with V904.4 also shall be dispersed.

Advisory V227.3 Counters.  Types of counters that provide different services in the same facility include, but are not limited to, order, pick-up, express, and returns.  One continuous counter can be used to provide different types of service.  For example, order and pick-up are different services.  It would not be acceptable to provide access only to the part of the counter where orders are taken when orders are picked-up at a different location on the same counter.  Both the order and pick-up section of the counter must be accessible.

V227.4 Food Service Lines.  Food service lines shall comply with V904.5.  Where self-service shelves are provided, at least 50 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type provided shall comply with V308.

V227.5 Queues and Waiting Lines.  Queues and waiting lines servicing counters or check-out aisles required to comply with V904.3 or V904.4 shall comply with V403.

V228 Depositories, Vending Machines, Change Machines, and Mail Boxes

V228.1 General.  Where provided, at least one of each type of depository, vending machine, and change machine shall comply with V309.

V228.2 Mail Boxes.  Where mail boxes are provided in an interior location, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type shall comply with V309.

V229 Windows

V229.1 General.  Where glazed openings are provided for operation by passengers in guest rooms with mobility features required to comply with V806.2, at least one opening shall comply with V309.

V230 Exercise Machines and Equipment

V230.1 General.  At least one of each type of exercise machine and equipment shall comply with V1002.

V231 Miniature Golf Facilities

V231.1 General.  Miniature golf facilities shall comply with V231.

V231.2 Minimum Number.  At least 50 percent of holes on miniature golf courses shall comply with V1003.3.

Advisory V231.2 Minimum Number.  Where possible, providing access to all holes on a miniature golf course is recommended.  If a course is designed with the minimum 50 percent accessible holes, designers or operators are encouraged to select holes which provide for an equivalent experience to the maximum extent possible.

V231.3 Miniature Golf Course Configuration.  Miniature golf courses shall be configured so that the holes complying with V1003.3 are consecutive.  Miniature golf courses shall provide an onboard accessible route from the last hole complying with V1003.3 to the course entrance or exit without requiring travel through any other holes on the course.

Exception:  One break in the sequence of consecutive holes shall be permitted if the last hole on the miniature golf course is the last hole in the sequence.

Advisory V231.3 Miniature Golf Course Configuration.  Where only the minimum 50 percent of the holes are accessible, an accessible route from the last accessible hole to the course exit or entrance must not require travel back through other holes.  In some cases, this may require an additional accessible route.  Other options include increasing the number of accessible holes in a way that limits the distance needed to connect the last accessible hole with the course exit or entrance.

V232 Play Areas

V232.1 General.  Play areas for children ages 2 and over shall comply with V232.  Where separate play areas are provided within a site for specific age groups, each play area shall comply with V232.

Exceptions:  1.  In existing play areas, where play components are relocated for the purposes of creating safe use zones and the ground surface is not altered or extended for more than one use zone, the play area shall not be required to comply with V232.

2.  Where play components are altered and the ground surface is not altered, the ground surface shall not be required to comply with V1004.2.6 unless required by V202.4.

V232.2 Play Components.  Where provided, play components shall comply with V232.2 and V1004.

V233 Saunas and Steam Rooms

V233.1 General.  Where provided, saunas and steam rooms shall comply with V612.

Exception:  Where saunas or steam rooms are clustered at a single location, no more than 5 percent of the saunas and steam rooms, but no fewer than one, of each type in each cluster shall be required to comply with V612.

V234 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas

V234.1 General.  Swimming pools, wading pools, and spas shall comply with V234.

V234.2 Swimming Pools.  At least one swimming pool lift complying with V1005.2 shall be provided for swimming pools.

Exceptions:  1.  Catch pools shall not be required to comply with V234.2 if the catch pool edge is on an onboard accessible route.

2.  Where swimming pools are provided in a cluster and at least one of each type of pool in the cluster has a swimming pool lift complying with V1005.2, the other pools in the cluster shall be permitted to provide transfer walls complying with V1005.4; transfer systems complying with V1005.5; or pool stairs complying with V1005.6.

V234.3 Wading Pools.  At least one accessible means of entry shall be provided for wading pools.  Accessible means of entry shall comply with sloped entries complying with V1005.3 or transfer systems complying with V1005.5.

V234.4 Spas.  At least one accessible means of entry shall be provided for spas.  Accessible means of entry shall comply with swimming pool lifts complying with V1005.2; transfer walls complying with V1005.4; or transfer systems complying with V1005.5.

Exception:  Where spas are provided in a cluster, no more than 5 percent, but no fewer than one, spa in each cluster shall be required to comply with V234.4.

V235 Shooting Facilities

V235.1 General.  Where shooting facilities with firing positions are designed and constructed, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type of firing position shall comply with V1006.

V236 Gaming and Arcade Machines

V236.1 General.  Where gaming and arcade machines are provided, five percent, but no fewer than one, of each type shall comply with V309.

V237 Binoculars

V237.1 General.  Where post-mounted binoculars are provided, five percent, but no fewer than one, of each type shall comply with V309.

V238 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms

V238.1 General.  Where dressing rooms, fitting rooms, or locker rooms are provided, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type of use in each cluster provided shall comply with V803.

Exception:  In alterations, where it is technically infeasible to provide rooms in accordance with V238.1, one room for each sex on each level shall comply with V803.  Where only unisex rooms are provided, unisex rooms shall be permitted.

V238.2 Coat Hooks and Shelves.  Where coat hooks or shelves are provided in dressing, fitting or locker rooms without individual compartments, at least one of each type shall comply with V803.5.  Where coat hooks or shelves are provided in individual compartments at least one of each type complying with V803.5 shall be provided in individual compartments in dressing, fitting, or locker rooms required to comply with V238.1.

---

Chapter 3:  Building Blocks

V301 General

V301.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 3 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V302 Deck Surfaces

V302.1 General.  Deck surfaces shall be stable, firm, and slip resistant and shall comply with V302.

Exceptions: Areas of sport activity shall not be required to comply with V302.

Advisory V302.1 General.  A stable surface is one that remains unchanged by contaminants or applied force, so that when the contaminant or force is removed, the surface returns to its original condition.  A firm surface resists deformation by either indentations or particles moving on its surface.  A slip-resistant surface provides sufficient frictional counterforce to the forces exerted in walking to permit safe ambulation.

V302.2 Carpet.  Carpet or carpet tile shall be securely attached and shall have a firm cushion, or backing or no cushion.  Carpet or carpet tile shall have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or level cut/uncut pile texture.  Pile height shall be ½ inch (13 mm) maximum.  Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to deck surfaces and shall have trim on the entire length of the exposed edge.  Carpet edge trim shall comply with V303.

Advisory V302.2 Carpet.  Carpets and permanently affixed mats can significantly increase the amount of force (roll resistance) needed to propel a wheelchair over a surface.  The firmer the carpeting and backing, the lower the roll resistance.  A pile thickness up to ½ inch (13 mm) (measured to the backing, or cushion (e.g., padding) if no backing is provided) is allowed, although a lower pile provides easier wheelchair maneuvering.  If a backing or cushion is used, it must be firm.  Preferably, carpet cushion should not be used because the soft cushioning increases roll resistance.

V302.3 Openings.  Openings in deck surfaces shall not allow passage of a sphere more than ½ inch (13 mm) in diameter except as allowed in V407.4.3 and V409.4.  Elongated openings shall be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular to the dominant direction of travel.

Exceptions:  1.  Vehicle tie-downs which are flush with the deck surface and are not located within an accessible route shall not be required to comply with V302.3.

2.  Where the administrative authority determines that larger openings are needed for deck drainage, openings not located within an accessible route shall be permitted to be increased, if the size shall not allow passage of a sphere more than ¾ inch (19 mm) in diameter.

V303 Changes in Level

V303.1 General.  Where changes in level are permitted in deck surfaces, they shall comply with V303.

Exceptions:  1.  Areas of sport activity shall not be required to comply with V303.

2.  This requirement does not apply to vehicle tie-downs which are flush with the deck surface and are not located within an accessible route.

V303.2 Vertical.  Changes in level of ¼ inch (6.4 mm) high maximum shall be permitted to be vertical.

V303.3 Beveled.  Changes in level between ¼ inch (6.4 mm) high minimum and ½ inch (13 mm) high maximum shall be beveled with a slope not steeper than 1:2.

Advisory V303.3 Beveled.  A change in level of ½ inch (13 mm) is permitted to be ¼ inch (6.4 mm) vertical plus ¼ inch (6.4 mm) beveled.  However, in no case may the combined change in level exceed ½ inch (13 mm).  Changes in level exceeding ½ inch (13 mm) must comply with V405 (Ramps) or V406 (Curb Ramps).

V303.4 Ramps.  Changes in level greater than ½ inch (13 mm) high shall be ramped, and shall comply with V405 or V406.

V304 Turning Space

V304.1 General.  Turning space shall comply with V304.

V304.2 Deck Surfaces.  Deck surfaces of a turning space shall comply with V302.  Changes in level are not permitted.

Exception:  Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

Advisory V304.2 Deck Surfaces Exception.  As used in this section, the phrase “changes in level” refers to surfaces with slopes and to surfaces with abrupt rise exceeding that permitted in Section V303.3.  Such changes in level are prohibited in required clear deck spaces, turning spaces, and in similar spaces where people using wheelchairs and other mobility devices must park their mobility aids such as in wheelchair spaces, or maneuver to use elements such as at doors, fixtures, and telephones.  The exception permits slopes not steeper than 1:48.

V304.3 Size.  Turning space shall comply with V304.3.1 or V304.3.2.

V304.4 Door Swing.  Doors shall be permitted to swing into turning spaces.

V305 Clear Deck Space

V305.1 General.  Clear deck space shall comply with V305.

V305.2 Deck Surfaces.  Deck surfaces of a clear deck space shall comply with V302.  Changes in level are not permitted.

Exception:  Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

V305.3 Size.  The clear deck space shall be 30 inches (760 mm) minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum.

V305.4 Knee and Toe Clearance.  Unless otherwise specified, clear deck space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with V306.

V305.5 Position.  Unless otherwise specified, clear deck space shall be positioned for either forward or parallel approach to an element.

V305.6 Approach.  One full unobstructed side of the clear deck space shall adjoin an accessible route or adjoin another clear deck space.

V305.7 Maneuvering Clearance.  Where a clear deck space is confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearance shall be provided in accordance with V305.7.

V306 Knee and Toe Clearance

V306.1 General.  Where space beneath an element is included as part of clear deck space or turning space, the space shall comply with V306.  Additional space shall not be prohibited beneath an element but shall not be considered as part of the clear deck space or turning space.

Advisory V306.1 General.  Clearances are measured in relation to the usable clear deck space, not necessarily to the vertical support for an element.  When determining clearance under an object for required turning or maneuvering space, care should be taken to ensure the space is clear of any obstructions.

V306.2 Toe Clearance.

V306.3 Knee Clearance.

V307 Protruding Objects

V307.1 General.  Protruding objects shall comply with V307.

V307.2 Protrusion Limits.  Objects with leading edges more than 27 inches (685 mm) and not more than 80 inches (2030 mm) above the finish deck surface shall protrude 4 inches (100 mm) maximum horizontally into the circulation path.

Exception:  Handrails shall be permitted to protrude 4½ inches (115 mm) maximum.

Advisory V307.2 Protrusion Limits.  When a cane is used and the element is in the detectable range, it gives a person sufficient time to detect the element with the cane before there is body contact.  Elements located on circulation paths, including operable elements, must comply with requirements for protruding objects.  For example, awnings and their supporting structures cannot reduce the minimum required vertical clearance.

V307.3 Required Clear Width.  Protruding objects shall not reduce the clear width required for accessible routes.

V307.4 Vertical Clearance.  Vertical clearance shall be 80 inches (2030 mm) high minimum.  Guardrails or other barriers shall be provided where the vertical clearance is less than 80 inches (2030 mm) high.  The leading edge of such guardrail or barrier shall be located 27 inches (685 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

Exceptions:  1.  Door closers and door stops shall be permitted to be 78 inches (1980 mm) minimum above the finish deck surface.

2.  Where doors are required by the administrative authority to have coamings, measurements are permitted to be taken from the finish deck surface adjacent to the coamings and not the top of the coamings.

V308 Reach Ranges

V308.1 General.  Reach ranges shall comply with V308.

V308.2 Forward Reach.

V308.3 Side Reach.

V309 Operable Parts

V309.1 General.  Operable parts shall comply with V309.

V309.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 shall be provided.

V309.3 Height.  Operable parts shall be placed within one or more of the reach ranges specified in V308.

V309.4 Operation.  Operable parts shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist.  The force required to activate operable parts shall be 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

Exception:  Where the administrative authority has determined that forces greater than 5 pounds (22.2 N) are necessary for hardware on fire doors, watertight doors or other doors, the maximum force shall be permitted to be established by the administrative authority for such doors.

---

Chapter 4:  Accessible Routes, Accessible Means of Escape, and Accessible Passenger Boarding Systems

V401 General

V401.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 4 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V402 Accessible Routes

V402.1 General.  Accessible routes shall comply with V402.

V402.2 Components.  Accessible routes shall consist of one or more of the following components:  walking surfaces with a running slope not steeper than 1:20, doorways, ramps, curb ramps excluding the flared sides, elevators, and platform lifts.  All components of an accessible route shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 4.

Advisory V402.2 Components.  Walking surfaces must have running slopes not steeper than 1:20 (see V403.3).  Other components of accessible routes, such as ramps (V405) and curb ramps (V406), are permitted to be more steeply sloped.

V403 Walking Surfaces

V403.1 General.  Walking surfaces that are a part of an accessible route shall comply with V403.  Walking surfaces on vehicle decks shall be permitted to overlap vehicle ways.

V403.2 Deck Surface.  Deck surfaces shall comply with V302.

V403.3 Slope.  The running slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:20.  The cross slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:48.

V403.4 Changes in Level.  Changes in level shall comply with V303.

V403.5 Clearances.  Walking surfaces shall provide clearances complying with V403.5.

V403.6 Handrails.  Where handrails are provided along walking surfaces with running slopes not steeper than 1:20, handrails shall comply with V503.

Exception:  Guard rails and other rails provided along walking surfaces for edge protection shall not be required to comply with V403.6.

AdvisoryV403.6 Handrails Exception.  Guard rails and other rails installed for edge protection on passenger vessels may provide gripping surfaces but are not considered handrails for purposes of applying V403.6.

V404 Doors, Doorways, and Gates

V404.1 General.  Doors, doorways, and gates that are part of an accessible route shall comply with V404.

Exception:  Doors, doorways, and gates intended to be operated only by employees shall not be required to comply with V404.2.7, V404.2.8, V404.2.9, V404.3.2 and V404.3.4 through V404.3.7.

Advisory V404.1 General Exception.  Employees must have sole control of doors that are eligible for this exception.  It would not be acceptable for employees to operate the doors for people with disabilities while allowing other passengers to have independent access.

V404.2 Manual Doors, Doorways, and Manual Gates.  Manual doors and doorways and manual gates intended for user passage shall comply with V404.2.

V404.3 Automatic and Power-Assisted Doors and Gates.  Automatic doors and automatic gates shall comply with V404.3.

Advisory V404.3 Automatic and Power-Assisted Doors and Gates.  Although section V404.3 does not reference a safety standard for power-operated doors and gates, it is recommended for full powered automatic doors that ANSI/BHMA A156.10 (American National Standard for Power Operated Pedestrian Doors) be used by US Flag passenger vessels.  In addition, for low energy and power-assisted doors, it is recommended that ANSI/BHMA A156.19 (American National Standard for Power Assist and Low Energy Power Operated Doors) also be used by US Flag vessels.

V405 Ramps

V405.1 General.  Ramps on accessible routes shall comply with V405.

Exception:  In assembly areas, aisle ramps adjacent to seating and not serving elements required to be on an accessible route shall not be required to comply with V405.

V405.2 Slope.  Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12.

Exceptions:  1.  In alterations, ramps shall be permitted to have running slopes in accordance with Table V405.2 where such slopes are necessary due to space limitations.

2.  At doors with coamings providing single ramp access in accordance with V404.2.5.2.2, ramp slopes shall be permitted to comply with Table V405.2.

3.  Where ramps connect to platforms of manually powered boarding lifts complying with V414, ramps shall be permitted to have running slopes which do not exceed 1:8 if the rise of the ramps do not exceed 3 inches (75 mm).

Table V405.2 Alternate Ramp Slopes Permitted by Exceptions 1 and 2

Slope1	Maximum Rise
1. A slope steeper than 1:8 is prohibited.
Steeper than 1:10 but not steeper than 1:8	3 inches (75 mm)
Steeper than 1:12 but not steeper than 1:10	6 inches (150 mm)

Advisory V405.2 Slope.  To accommodate the widest range of users, provide ramps with the least possible running slope and, wherever possible, accompany ramps with stairs for use by those individuals for whom distance presents a greater barrier than steps, e.g., people with heart disease or limited stamina.

V405.3 Cross Slope.  Cross slope of ramp runs shall not be steeper than 1:48.

Advisory V405.3 Cross Slope.  Cross slope is the slope of the surface perpendicular to the direction of travel.  Cross slope is measured the same way as slope is measured (i.e., the rise over the run).

V405.4 Deck Surfaces.  Deck surfaces of ramp runs shall comply with V302.  Changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope are not permitted on ramp runs.

V405.5 Clear Width.  The clear width of a ramp run and, where handrails are provided, the clear width between handrails shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

Exception:  Where the largest deck of a passenger vessel is less than 3000 square feet (279 m²) in size, the width of ramp runs and the distance between handrails, if provided, shall be permitted to have clear widths of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

V405.6 Rise.  The rise for any ramp run shall be 30 inches (760 mm) maximum.

V405.7 Landings.  Ramps shall have landings at the top and the bottom of each ramp run.  Landings shall comply with V405.7.

Exception:  Landings at tops of ramps are not required at doors with coamings providing double or single ramp access in accordance with V404.2.5.2.

Advisory V405.7 Landings.  Ramps that do not have level landings at changes in direction can create a compound slope that will not meet the requirements of this document.  Circular or curved ramps continually change direction.  Curvilinear ramps with small radii also can create compound cross slopes and cannot, by their nature, meet the requirements for accessible routes.  A level landing is needed at the accessible door to permit maneuvering and simultaneously door operation.

V405.8 Handrails.  Ramp runs with a rise greater than 6 inches (150 mm) shall have handrails complying with V503.

V405.9 Edge Protection.  Edge protection complying with V405.9.1 or V405.9.2 shall be provided on each side of ramp runs and at each side of ramp landings.

Exceptions:  1.  Edge protection shall not be required on ramps that are not required to have handrails and have sides complying with V406.3.

2.  Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of ramp landings serving an adjoining ramp run, gangway run, or stairway.

3.  Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of ramp landings having a vertical drop-off of ½ inch (13 mm) maximum within 10 inches (255 mm) horizontally of the minimum landing area specified in V405.7.

V405.10 Wet Conditions.  Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

V406 Curb Ramps

V406.1 General.  Curb ramps on accessible routes shall comply with V406, V405.2 through V405.5, and V405.10.

V406.2 Counter Slope.  Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and vehicular way surfaces immediately adjacent to the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20.  The adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to walks, gutters, and vehicular ways shall be at the same level.

V406.3 Sides of Curb Ramps.  Where provided, curb ramp flares shall not be steeper than 1:10.

V406.4 Landings.  Landings shall be provided at the tops of curb ramps.  The landing clear length shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.  The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the curb ramp, excluding flared sides, leading to the landing.

Exception:  In alterations, where there is no landing at the top of existing curb ramps, curb ramp flares shall be provided and shall not be steeper than 1:12.

V407 Elevators

V407.1 General.  Elevators shall comply with V407.  They shall be passenger elevators.  Elevator operation shall be automatic.

Advisory V407.1 General.  The ADA and other Federal civil rights laws require that accessible features be maintained in working order so that they are accessible to and usable by those people they are intended to benefit.  Isolated or temporary interruptions in service due to maintenance or repairs may be unavoidable; however, failure to take prompt action to effect repairs could constitute a violation of Federal laws and these requirements.

Although section V407.1 does not reference a safety standard for elevators, it is recommended that ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, be used by US Flag passenger vessels.

V407.2 Elevator Landing Requirements.  Elevator landings shall comply with V407.2.

V407.3 Elevator Door Requirements.  Hoistway and car doors shall comply with V407.3.

V407.4 Elevator Car Requirements.  Elevator cars shall comply with V407.4.

V408 Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators

V408.1 General.  Limited-use/limited-application elevators shall comply with V408.  They shall be passenger elevators.  Elevator operation shall be automatic.

Advisory V408.1 General.  Although section V408.1 does not reference a safety standard for elevators, it is recommended that ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, be used by US Flag passenger vessels.

V408.2 Elevator Landings.  Landings serving limited-use/limited-application elevators shall comply with V408.2.

V408.3 Elevator Doors.  Elevator hoistway doors shall comply with V408.3.

V408.4 Elevator Cars.  Elevator cars shall comply with V408.4.

V409 Platform Lifts

V409.1 General.  Platform lifts shall comply with V409.  Platform lifts shall not be attendant-operated and shall provide unassisted entry and exit from the lift.  The rated load of the platform lifts shall be 450 pounds (204 kg) minimum.

V409.2 Deck Surfaces.  Deck surfaces in platform lifts shall comply with V302 and V303.

V409.3 Clear Deck Space.  Clear deck space in platform lifts shall comply with V305.

V409.4 Platform to Runway Clearance.  The clearance between the platform sill and the edge of any runway landing shall be 1¼ inch (32 mm) maximum.

V409.5 Operable Parts.  Controls for platform lifts shall comply with V309.

V409.6 Doors and Gates.  Platform lifts shall have low-energy power-operated doors or gates complying with V404.3.  Doors shall remain open for 20 seconds minimum.  End doors and gates shall provide a clear width 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.  Side doors and gates shall provide a clear width 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum.

Exception:  Platform lifts serving two landings maximum and having doors or gates on opposite sides shall be permitted to have self-closing manual doors or gates.

V409.7 Handrails.  Where handrails are provided in platform lifts, the handrails shall comply with V503.  Handrails complying with V307.2 shall be permitted to overlap clearances for platform lifts where handrail supports do not project into the clear deck space required by V409.3.

V410 Accessible Means of Escape

V410.1 General.  Accessible means of escape shall comply with V410.1.

V410.2 Exit Stairways.  Exit stairways that are part of an accessible means of escape shall comply with V410.2 and V502.

Exceptions:  1.  Where exit stairways only serve one passenger guestroom, exit stairways shall not be required to comply with V410.2 and V502.

2.  Where vessels are protected by an automatic sprinkler system, exit stairways shall not be required to comply with V410.2 and V502.

3.  Where exit stairways are open to the weather, exit stairways shall not be required to comply with V410.2 and V502.

V410.3 Elevators.  Elevators that are part of an accessible means of escape shall be provided with emergency power.  The elevators shall be accessed from either an area of temporary refuge complying with V411 or an area of refuge complying with requirements established by the administrative authority.

Exceptions:  1.  Where elevators are accessed from areas open to the weather, areas of temporary refuge and areas of refuge shall not be required.

2.  Where vessels are protected by an automatic sprinkler system, elevators shall not be required to be accessed from areas of temporary refuge and areas of refuge.

V410.4 Platform Lifts.  Platform lifts that are part of an accessible means of escape shall comply with V409 and shall be provided with emergency power.  The platform lifts shall be accessed from an area of temporary refuge complying with V411 or an area of refuge complying with requirements established by the administrative authority.

Exceptions:  1.  Where platform lifts are accessed from areas open to the weather, areas of temporary refuge and areas of refuge shall not be required.

2.  Where vessels are protected by an automatic sprinkler system, platform lifts shall not be required to be accessed from areas of temporary refuge and areas of refuge.

3.  Where a platform lift is provided in accordance with V206.7.1, V206.7.2, and V206.7.6, areas of temporary refuge and areas of refuge shall not be required.

V411 Areas of Temporary Refuge

V411.1 General.  Areas of temporary refuge that are part of an accessible means of escape shall comply with V411.

V411.2 Location.  Areas of temporary refuge shall be accessed from the space it serves by an accessible means of escape.  Every required area of temporary refuge shall have direct access to an enclosed exit stair complying with V410.2, elevator complying with V410.3, or platform lift complying with V410.4.

V411.3 Size.  Areas of temporary refuge shall be sized to accommodate one clear deck space complying with V305.3 and V305.7 for each 200 occupants or portion thereof, based on the occupant load of the area of temporary refuge and all areas served by the area of temporary refuge.  Such clear deck spaces shall not reduce the required means of escape width established by the administrative authority.  Access to any of the required clear deck spaces in an area of temporary refuge shall not be obstructed by more than one adjoining clear deck space.

V411.4 Construction.  Areas of temporary refuge shall provide at least the same level of fire and smoke protection as required by the administrative authority for an internal area of refuge.

V411.5 Two-way Communication.  Areas of temporary refuge shall be provided with a two-way communication system between the area of temporary refuge and the bridge of the vessel, or a central control station that is manned while passengers are on the vessel. The two-way communication system shall include both audible and visible signals.

V412 Passenger Boarding Systems

V412.1 General.  Passenger boarding systems shall comply with V412.

V412.2 Components.  Passenger boarding systems shall consist of one or more of the following components:

1. walking surfaces complying with V403;
2. doors and doorways complying with V404;
3. ramps complying with V405;
4. curb ramps complying with V406;
5. elevators complying with V407 or V408;
6. platform lifts complying with V409;
7. gangways complying with V413; and
8. manually powered boarding lifts complying with V414.

V413 Gangways

V413.1 General.  Gangways that are part of passenger boarding systems required to comply with V412 shall comply with V413.

V413.2 Slope.  Gangway runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12.

Exceptions:  1.  Where gangways have only one run and the gangways do not exceed a rise of 6 inches (150 mm), the gangways shall be permitted to have running slopes in accordance with Table V413.2.

2.  Where an existing gangway run or series of gangway runs is replaced or altered, an increase in the length of the gangway run is not required to comply with V413.2, unless required by V202.4.

3.  On vessel carried gangways, where the total length of the gangway run or series of runs is at least as long as the beam of the vessel, V413.2 shall not apply to the gangways.

4.  On pier provided gangways, where the total length of a gangway run or series of runs is at least 120 feet (37 m), V413.2 shall not apply to the gangways.

5.  On passenger vessels which carry vehicles, where the only way for pedestrian passengers to embark or disembark is by way of a gangway which also functions as a vehicle transfer bridge, V413.2 shall not apply to the gangway.

Table V413.2 Alternate Running Slopes Permitted by Exception 1

Slope1	Maximum Rise
1. A slope steeper than 1:8 is prohibited.
Steeper than 1:10 but not steeper than 1:8	3 inches (75 mm)
Steeper than 1:12 but not steeper than 1:10	6 inches (150 mm)

V413.3 Cross Slope.  Cross slope of gangway runs shall not be steeper than 1:48.

Advisory V413.3 Cross Slope.  Cross slope is the slope of the surface perpendicular to the direction of travel.  It is measured the same way as slope is measured: the rise over the run.

V413.4 Surfaces.  Surfaces of gangway runs shall comply with V302.  Changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope are not permitted on gangway runs.

Exceptions:  1.  Where gangways are deployed and conditions result in slopes greater than 1:4, changes in level complying with V303.2 or V303.3 shall be permitted on surfaces of gangway runs.

2.  Where the clear width of a gangway provides at least 36 inches (915 mm) of surface with no changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope which is located between handrails complying with V503, section V413.5 does not apply to the remainder of the gangway surface.

V413.5 Clear Width.  The clear width of a gangway run and, where handrails are provided, the clear width between handrails shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

Exception:  Where the largest deck of a passenger vessel is less than 3000 square feet (279 m²), the width of gangway runs and the distance between handrails, if provided, shall be permitted to have clear widths of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

V413.6 Transition Plates.  Transition plates provided at the ends of gangway runs shall contrast visually with adjacent passenger walkways either light-on-dark or dark-on-light.

V413.7 Landings.  Gangways shall have landings at the top and the bottom of each gangway run.  Landings shall comply with V413.7.

Exceptions:  1.  Landings shall not be required at gangways which connect to transition plates which comply with V405.

2.  On telescoping gangways, landings shall not be required between gangway segments where transition plates are provided which comply with V405.1 through V405.6, and V405.8 through V405.10.

V413.8 Handrails.  Gangway runs with a rise greater than 6 inches (150 mm) shall have handrails complying with V503.

Exception:  Gangways which also function as vehicle transfer bridges shall be permitted to have readily removable handrails.

V413.9 Edge Protection.  Edge protection complying with V413.9.1 or V413.9.2 shall be provided on each side of gangway runs and at each side of gangway landings.

Exceptions:  1.  Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of gangway landings serving an adjoining ramp run, gangway run or stairway.

2.  Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of gangway landings having a vertical drop-off of ½ inch (13 mm) maximum within 10 inches (255 mm) horizontally of the minimum landing area specified in V413.7.

V413.10 Wet Conditions.  Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

V414 Manually Powered Boarding Lifts

V414.1 General.  Manually powered boarding lifts shall comply with V414.

V414.2 Design Load.  The design load of the lift shall be at least 600 pounds (272 kg).  Working parts, such as cables, pulleys, and shafts, which would be expected to wear, and upon which the lift depends for support of the load, shall have a safety factor of at least six, based on the ultimate strength of the material.  Nonworking parts, such as platform, frame, and attachment hardware which would not be expected to wear, shall have a safety factor of at least three, based on the ultimate strength of the material.

V414.3 Controls.  Where provided, each control for deploying, lowering, raising, and stowing the lift and lowering the roll-off barrier shall require continuous manual pressure by the operators and an inherent design feature or other system shall not allow improper lift sequencing when the lift platform is occupied.  The controls shall allow reversal of the lift operation sequence when the lift is occupied.

V414.4 Emergency Operation.  The lift, when occupied, shall incorporate an emergency method of lowering.

V414.5 Equipment Failure.  The lift, when occupied, shall have provisions to prevent it from falling any faster than 12 inches/second (305 mm/second) and dropping an occupant in the event of a single failure of any load carrying component.

V414.6 Platform Barriers.  The lift platform shall be equipped with barriers to prevent any of the wheels of a wheelchair or mobility aid from rolling off the lift during its operation.

V414.7 Platform Surface and Size.  The platform surface and size shall comply with V302, V303, and V305.

Advisory V414.7 Platform Surface and Size.  An exception in V305.7.2 allows platforms to be 56 inches (1420 mm) wide when approached from the side.

V414.8 Platform Approaches.  The platform approaches, or loading-edge barriers used as approaches, shall comply with V403 or V405.  Transitions from adjacent deck and pier surfaces shall comply with V303.

V414.9 Platform Deflection.  The lift platform shall not deflect more than 3 degrees in any direction between its unloaded position and its position when loaded with 600 pounds (272 kg) applied through a 26 inch (660 mm) by 26 inch (660 mm) test pallet at the centroid of the lift platform.

V414.10 Boarding Direction.  The lift shall permit both inboard and outboard facing of wheelchairs and mobility aids.

V414.11 Handrails.  The platform on the lift shall be equipped with handrails on two sides, which move in tandem with the lift, and which shall be graspable and provide support to standees throughout the entire lift operation.  Handrails shall have a usable component 8 inches (205 mm) long minimum, and the top of the gripping surface shall be 30 inches (760 mm) minimum and 38 inches (965 mm) maximum above the platform.  The handrails shall be capable of withstanding a force of 100 pounds (449 N) concentrated at any point on the handrail without permanent deformation of the rail or its supporting structure.  The handrails shall comply with V503.5 through V503.9.

---

Chapter 5:  General Passenger Vessel Elements

V501 General

V501.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 5 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V502 Stairways

V502.1 General.  Stairs shall comply with V502.

V502.2 Treads and Risers.  All steps on a flight of stairs shall have uniform riser heights and uniform tread depths.  Risers shall be 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum and 7 inches (180 mm) high maximum.  Treads shall be 11 inches (280 mm) deep minimum.  Tread depth shall be measured horizontally from nosing to nosing.

V502.3 Open Risers.  Open risers are not permitted.

V502.4 Tread Surface.  Stair treads shall comply with V302.  Changes in level are not permitted.

Exception:  Treads shall be permitted to have a slope not steeper than 1:48.

Advisory V502.4 Tread Surface.  Consider providing visual contrast on tread nosings, or at the leading edges of treads without nosings, so that stair treads are more visible for people with low vision.

V502.5 Nosings.  The radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread shall be ½ inch (13 mm) maximum.  Nosings that project beyond risers shall have the underside of the leading edge curved or beveled.  Risers shall be permitted to slope under the tread at an angle of 30 degrees maximum from vertical.  The permitted projection of the nosing shall extend 1½ inches (38 mm) maximum over the tread below.

V502.6 Handrails.  Stairs shall have handrails complying with V503.

V502.7 Wet Conditions.  Stair treads and landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

V503 Handrails

V503.1 General.  Handrails provided along walking surfaces complying with V403, required at ramps complying with V405, provided at elevators complying with V407 or V408 and platform lifts complying with V409, required at gangways complying with V413 and required at stairs complying with V502, shall comply with V503.

V503.2 Where Required.  Handrails shall be provided on both sides of stairs, gangways, and ramps.

Exception:  In assembly areas, handrails shall not be required on both sides of aisle ramps where a handrail is provided at either side or within the aisle width.

V503.3 Continuity.  Handrails shall be continuous within the full length of each stair flight, gangway run, or ramp run.  Inside handrails on switchback or dogleg stairs and ramps shall be continuous between flights or runs.

Exception:  In assembly areas, handrails on ramps shall not be required to be continuous in aisles serving seating.

V503.4 Height.  Top of gripping surfaces of handrails shall be 34 inches (865 mm) minimum and 38 inches (965 mm) maximum vertically above walking surfaces, stair nosings, gangway surfaces, and ramp surfaces.  Handrails shall be at a consistent height above walking surfaces, stair nosings, gangway surfaces, and ramp surfaces.

Exception:  Section V503.4 shall not apply to handrails along walking surfaces with slopes not steeper than 1:20 that are required by the administrative authority to be located more than 38 inches (965 mm) above deck surfaces.

Advisory V503.4 Height.  The requirements for stair, gangway, and ramp handrails in this document are for adults.  When children are the principal users in a facility (e.g., children’s center), a second set of handrails at an appropriate height can assist them and aid in preventing accidents.  A maximum height of 28 inches (710 mm) measured to the top of the gripping surface from the gangway surface, ramp surface or stair nosing is recommended for handrails designed for children.  Sufficient vertical clearance between upper and lower handrails, 9 inches (230 mm) minimum, should be provided to help prevent entrapment.

V503.5 Clearance.  Clearance between handrail gripping surfaces and adjacent surfaces shall be 1½ inches (38 mm) minimum.

V503.6 Gripping Surface.  Handrail gripping surfaces shall be continuous along their length and shall not be obstructed along their tops or sides.  The bottoms of handrail gripping surfaces shall not be obstructed for more than 20 percent of their length.  Where provided, horizontal projections shall occur 1½ inches (38 mm) minimum below the bottom of the handrail gripping surface.

Exceptions:  1.  Where handrails are provided along walking surfaces with slopes not steeper than 1:20, the bottoms of handrail gripping surfaces shall be permitted to be obstructed along their entire length where they are integral to crash rails or bumper guards.

2.  The distance between horizontal projections and the bottom of the gripping surface shall be permitted to be reduced by 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) for each ½ inch (13 mm) of additional handrail perimeter dimension that exceeds 4 inches (100 mm).

Advisory V503.6 Gripping Surface.  People with disabilities, older people, and others benefit from continuous gripping surfaces that permit users to reach the fingers outward or downward to grasp the handrail, particularly as the user senses a loss of equilibrium or begins to fall.

V503.7 Cross Section.  Handrail gripping surfaces shall have a cross section complying with V503.7.1 or V503.7.2.

V503.8 Surfaces.  Handrail gripping surfaces and any surfaces adjacent to them shall be free of sharp or abrasive elements and shall have rounded edges.

V503.9 Fittings.  Handrails shall not rotate within their fittings.

V503.10 Handrail Extensions.  Handrail gripping surfaces shall extend beyond and in the same direction of stair flights, gangway runs and ramp runs in accordance with V503.10.

Exceptions:  1.  Extensions shall not be required for continuous handrails at the inside turn of switchback or dogleg stairs and ramps.

2.  In assembly areas, extensions shall not be required for ramp handrails in aisles serving seating where the handrails are discontinuous to provide access to seating and to permit crossovers within aisles.

3.  In alterations, full extensions of handrails shall not be required where such extensions would be hazardous due to plan configuration.

4.  Where gangways and transition plates connect and are required to have handrails, handrail extensions shall not be required.

5.  Where handrail extensions are provided on gangways or transition plates, extensions are not required to be horizontal to the landing surface.

---

Chapter 6:  Plumbing Elements and Facilities

V601 General

V601.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 6 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V602 Drinking Fountains

V602.1 General.  Drinking fountains shall comply with V307 and V602.

V602.2 Clear Deck Space.  Units shall have a clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for a forward approach and centered on the unit.  Knee and toe clearance complying with V306 shall be provided.

Exception:  A parallel approach complying with V305 shall be permitted at units for children’s use where the spout is 30 inches (760 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface and is 3½ inches (90 mm) maximum from the front edge of the unit, including bumpers.

V602.3 Operable Parts.  Operable parts shall comply with V309.

V602.4 Spout Height.  Spout outlets shall be 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V602.5 Spout Location.  The spout shall be located 15 inches (380 mm) minimum from the vertical support and 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the front edge of the unit, including bumpers.

V602.6 Water Flow.  The spout shall provide a flow of water 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum and shall be located 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the front of the unit.  The angle of the water stream shall be measured horizontally relative to the front face of the unit.  Where spouts are located less than 3 inches (75 mm) of the front of the unit, the angle of the water stream shall be 30 degrees maximum.  Where spouts are located between 3 inches (75 mm) and 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the front of the unit, the angle of the water stream shall be 15 degrees maximum.

Advisory V602.6 Water Flow.  The purpose of requiring the drinking fountain spout to produce a flow of water 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum is so that a cup can be inserted under the flow of water to provide a drink of water for an individual who, because of a disability, would otherwise be incapable of using the drinking fountain.

V602.7 Drinking Fountains for Standing Persons.  Spout outlets of drinking fountains for standing persons shall be 38 inches (965 mm) minimum and 43 inches (1090 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms

V603.1 General.  Toilet and bathing rooms shall comply with V603.

V603.2 Clearances.  Clearances shall comply with V603.2.

V603.3 Mirrors.  Mirrors located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.  Mirrors not located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 35 inches (890 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

Advisory V603.3 Mirrors.  A single full-length mirror can accommodate a greater number of people, including children.  In order for mirrors to be usable by people who are ambulatory and people who use wheelchairs, the top edge of mirrors should be 74 inches (1880 mm) minimum from the deck surface.

V603.4 Coat Hooks and Shelves.  Coat hooks shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in V308.  Shelves shall be located 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments (Stalls)

V604.1 General.  Water closets and toilet compartments shall comply with V604.2 through V604.8.

Exception:  Water closets and toilet compartments for children’s use shall be permitted to comply with V604.9.

V604.2 Location.  The water closet shall be positioned with a wall or partition to the rear and to one side.  The centerline of the water closet shall be 16 inches (405 mm) minimum to 18 inches (455 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition, except that the water closet shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition in the ambulatory accessible toilet compartment specified in V604.8.2.  Water closets shall be arranged for a left-hand or right-hand approach.

V604.3 Clearance.  Clearances around water closets and in toilet compartments shall comply with V604.3.

V604.4 Seats.  The seat height of a water closet above the finish deck surface shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum measured to the top of the seat.  Seats shall not be sprung to return to a lifted position.

V604.5 Grab Bars.  Grab bars for water closets shall comply with V609.  Grab bars shall be provided on the side wall closest to the water closet and on the rear wall.

V604.6 Flush Controls.  Flush controls shall be hand operated or automatic.  Hand operated flush controls shall comply with V309.  Flush controls shall be located on the open side of the water closet, except in compartments with vacuum flush systems and in ambulatory accessible compartments complying with V604.8.2.

Advisory V604.6 Flush Controls.  If plumbing valves are located directly behind the toilet seat, flush valves and related plumbing can cause injury or imbalance when a person leans back against them.  To prevent causing injury or imbalance, the plumbing can be located behind walls or to the side of the toilet; or provide a toilet seat lid.

V604.7 Dispensers.  Toilet paper dispensers shall comply with V309.4 and shall be 7 inches (180 mm) minimum and 9 inches (230 mm) maximum in front of the water closet measured to the centerline of the dispenser.  The outlet of the dispenser shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface and shall not be located behind grab bars.  Dispensers shall not be of a type that controls delivery or that does not allow continuous paper flow.

Advisory V604.7 Dispensers.  If toilet paper dispensers are installed above the side wall grab bar, the outlet of the toilet paper dispenser must be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface and the top of the gripping surface of the grab bar must be 33 inches (840 mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finished deck surface.

V604.8 Toilet Compartments.  Wheelchair accessible toilet compartments shall meet the requirements of V604.8.1 and V604.8.3.  Compartments containing more than one plumbing fixture shall comply with V603.  Ambulatory accessible compartments shall comply with V604.8.2 and V604.8.3.

V604.9 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments for Children’s Use.  Water closets and toilet compartments for children’s use shall comply with V604.9.

V605 Urinals

V605.1 General.  Urinals shall comply with V605.

Advisory V605.1 General.  Stall-type urinals provide greater accessibility for a broader range of persons, including people of short stature.

V605.2 Height and Depth.  Urinals shall be the stall-type or the wall-hung type with the rim 17 inches (430 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.  Urinals shall be 13½ inches (345 mm) deep minimum measured from the outer face of the urinal rim to the back of the fixture.

V605.3 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for forward approach shall be provided.

V605.4 Flush Controls.  Flush controls shall be hand operated or automatic.  Hand operated flush controls shall comply with V309.

V606 Lavatories and Sinks

V606.1 General.  Lavatories and sinks shall comply with V606.

Advisory V606.1 General.  If soap and towel dispensers are provided, they must be located within the reach ranges specified in V308.  Locate soap and towel dispensers so that they are conveniently usable by a person at the accessible lavatory.

V606.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305, positioned for a forward approach, and knee and toe clearance complying with V306 shall be provided.

Exceptions:  1.  A parallel approach complying with V305 shall be permitted to a galley and pantry sink in a space where a cook top or conventional range is not provided and to wet bars.

2.  A knee clearance of 24 inches (610 mm) minimum above the finish deck surface shall be permitted at lavatories and sinks used primarily by children 6 through 12 years where the rim or counter surface is 31 inches (785 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

3.  A parallel approach complying with V305 shall be permitted to lavatories and sinks used primarily by children 5 years and younger.

4.  The dip of the overflow shall not be considered in determining knee and toe clearances.

5.  No more than one bowl of a multi-bowl sink shall be required to provide knee and toe clearance complying with V306.

V606.3 Height.  Lavatories and sinks shall be installed with the front of the higher of the rim or counter surface 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V606.4 Faucets.  Controls for faucets shall comply with V309.  Hand-operated, metering faucets shall remain open for 10 seconds minimum.

V606.5 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces.  Water supply and drain pipes under lavatories and sinks shall be insulated or otherwise configured to protect against contact.  There shall be no sharp or abrasive surfaces under lavatories and sinks.

V607 Bathtubs

V607.1 General.  Bathtubs shall comply with V607.

V607.2 Clearance.  Clearance in front of bathtubs shall extend the length of the bathtub and shall be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum.  A lavatory complying with V606 shall be permitted at the control end of the clearance.  Where a permanent seat is provided at the head end of the bathtub, the clearance shall extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the wall at the head end of the bathtub.

V607.3 Seat.  A permanent seat at the head end of the bathtub or a removable in-tub seat shall be provided.  Seats shall comply with V610.

V607.4 Grab Bars.  Grab bars for bathtubs shall comply with V609 and shall be provided in accordance with V607.4.1 or V607.4.2.

V607.5 Controls.  Controls, other than drain stoppers, shall be located on an end wall.  Controls shall be between the bathtub rim and grab bar, and between the open side of the bathtub and the centerline of the width of the bathtub.  Controls shall comply with V309.4.

V607.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water.  A shower spray unit with a hose 59 inches (1500 mm) long minimum that can be used both as a fixed-position shower head and as a hand-held shower shall be provided.  The shower spray unit shall have an on/off control with a non-positive shut-off.  If an adjustable-height shower head on a vertical bar is used, the bar shall be installed so as not to obstruct the use of grab bars.  Bathtub shower spray units shall deliver water that is 120°F (49°C) maximum.

Advisory V607.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water.  Ensure that hand-held shower spray units are capable of delivering water pressure substantially equivalent to fixed shower heads.

V607.7 Bathtub Enclosures.  Enclosures for bathtubs shall not obstruct controls, faucets, shower and spray units, or obstruct transfer from wheelchairs onto bathtub seats or into bathtubs.  Enclosures on bathtubs shall not have tracks installed on the rim of the open face of the bathtub.

V608 Shower Compartments and Rinsing Showers

V608.1 General.  Shower compartments and rinsing showers shall comply with V608.

Advisory V608.1 General.  Shower stalls that are 60 inches (1525 mm) wide and have no curb may increase the usability of a bathroom because the shower area provides additional maneuvering space.

V608.2 Size and Clearances for Shower Compartments and Rinsing Showers.  Shower compartments and rinsing showers shall have sizes and clearances complying with V608.2.

V608.3 Grab Bars.  Grab bars shall comply with V609 and shall be provided in accordance with V608.3.  Where multiple grab bars are used, required horizontal grab bars shall be installed at the same height above the finish deck surface.

V608.4 Seats.  A folding or non-folding seat shall be provided in transfer type shower compartments.  A folding seat shall be provided in roll-in type showers required in guest rooms with mobility features complying with V806.2.  Seats shall comply with V610.  Seats shall not be provided in rinsing showers unless the rinsing showers meet the criteria in V608 for transfer-type, standard roll-in type, or alternate roll-in type showers.

V608.5 Controls.  In shower compartments, controls, faucets, and shower spray units shall comply with V309.4 and V608.5.  In rinsing showers, controls, faucets, and shower spray units shall comply with V309.

V608.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water.  In shower compartments and rinsing showers, a shower spray unit with a hose 59 inches (1500 mm) long minimum that can be used both as a fixed-position shower head and as a hand-held shower shall be provided.  The shower spray unit shall have an on/off control with a non-positive shut-off.  If an adjustable-height shower head on a vertical bar is used, the bar shall be installed so as not to obstruct the use of grab bars.  Shower spray units shall deliver water that is 120°F (49°C) maximum.

Exception:  A fixed shower head located at 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the shower finish deck surface shall be permitted instead of a hand-held spray unit in facilities that are not medical care facilities or guest rooms.

Advisory V608.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water.  Ensure that hand-held shower spray units are capable of delivering water pressure substantially equivalent to fixed shower heads.

V608.7 Thresholds.  Thresholds in rinsing showers and roll-in type shower compartments shall be ½ inch (13 mm) high maximum in accordance with V303.  In transfer type shower compartments, thresholds ½ inch (13 mm) high maximum shall be beveled, rounded, or vertical.

Exception:  In alterations, a threshold 2 inches (51 mm) high maximum shall be permitted in transfer type shower compartments in existing facilities where provision of a ½ inch (13 mm) high threshold would disturb the structural integrity of the deck surface.

V608.8 Shower Enclosures.  Enclosures for shower compartments and rinsing showers shall not obstruct controls, faucets, and shower spray units or obstruct transfer from wheelchairs or other mobility aid devices onto shower compartment seats.

V609 Grab Bars

V609.1 General.  Grab bars in toilet facilities and bathing facilities shall comply with V609.

V609.2 Cross Section.  Grab bars shall have a cross section complying with V609.2.1 or V609.2.2.

V609.3 Spacing.  The space between the wall and the grab bar shall be 1½ inches (38 mm).  At rinsing showers, if grab bars are installed on posts, the space between the post and grab bar shall be 1½ inches (38 mm).  The space between the grab bar and projecting objects below and at the ends shall be 1½ inches (38 mm) minimum.  The space between the grab bar and projecting objects above shall be 12 inches (305 mm) minimum.

Exception:  The space between the grab bars and shower controls, shower fittings, and other grab bars above shall be permitted to be 1½ inches (38 mm) minimum.

V609.4 Position of Grab Bars.  Grab bars shall be installed in a horizontal position, 33 inches (840 mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface measured to the top of the gripping surface, except that at water closets for children’s use complying with V604.9, grab bars shall be installed in a horizontal position 18 inches (455 mm) minimum and 27 inches (685 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface measured to the top of the gripping surface.  The height of the lower grab bar on the back wall of a bathtub shall comply with V607.4.1.1 or V607.4.2.1.

V609.5 Surface Hazards.  Grab bars and any wall or other surfaces adjacent to grab bars shall be free of sharp or abrasive elements and shall have rounded edges.

V609.6 Fittings.  Grab bars shall not rotate within their fittings.

V609.7 Installation.  Grab bars shall be installed in any manner that provides a gripping surface at the specified locations and that does not obstruct the required clear deck space.

V609.8 Structural Strength.  Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the grab bar, fastener, mounting device, or supporting structure.

V610 Seats

V610.1 General.  Seats in bathtubs and shower compartments shall comply with V610.

V610.2 Bathtub Seats.  The top of bathtub seats shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the bathroom finish deck surface.  The depth of a removable in-tub seat shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 16 inches (405 mm) maximum.  The seat shall be capable of secure placement.  Permanent seats at the head end of the bathtub shall be 15 inches (380 mm) deep minimum and shall extend from the back wall to or beyond the outer edge of the bathtub.

V610.3 Shower Compartment Seats.  Where a seat is provided in a standard roll-in shower compartment, it shall be a folding type, shall be installed on the side wall adjacent to the controls, and shall extend from the back wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry.  Where a seat is provided in an alternate roll-in type shower compartment, it shall be a folding type, shall be installed on the front wall opposite the back wall, and shall extend from the adjacent side wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry.  In transfer type showers, the seat shall extend from the back wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry.  The top of the seat shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the bathroom finish deck surface.  Seats shall comply with V610.3.1 or V610.3.2.

V610.4 Structural Strength.  Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the seat, fastener, mounting device, or supporting structure.

V611 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers

V611.1 General.  Washing machines and clothes dryers shall comply with V611.

V611.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for parallel approach shall be provided.  The clear deck space shall be centered on the appliance.

V611.3 Operable Parts.  Operable parts, including doors, lint screens, and detergent and bleach compartments shall comply with V309.

V611.4 Height.  Top loading machines shall have the door to the laundry compartment located 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.  Front loading machines shall have the bottom of the opening to the laundry compartment located 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V612 Saunas and Steam Rooms

V612.1 General.  Saunas and steam rooms shall comply with V612.

V612.2 Bench.  Where seating is provided in saunas and steam rooms, at least one bench shall comply with V903.  Doors shall not swing into the clear deck space required by V903.2.

Exception:  A readily removable bench shall be permitted to obstruct the turning space required by V612.3 and the clear deck space required by V903.2.

V612.3 Turning Space.  A turning space complying with V304 shall be provided within saunas and steam rooms.

---

Chapter 7:  Communication Elements and Features

V701 General

V701.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 7 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V702 Reserved

V703 Signs

V703.1 General.  Signs shall comply with V703.  Where both visual and tactile characters are required, either one sign with both visual and tactile characters, or two separate signs, one with visual, and one with tactile characters, shall be provided.

V703.2 Raised Characters.  Raised characters shall comply with V703.2 and shall be duplicated in braille complying with V703.3.  Raised characters shall be installed in accordance with V703.4.

Advisory V703.2 Raised Characters.  Signs that are designed to be read by touch should not have sharp or abrasive edges.

V703.3 Braille.  Braille shall be contracted (Grade 2) and shall comply with V703.3 and V703.4.

Advisory V703.3 Braille.  Contracted (Grade 2) braille is an abbreviated method of displaying words in braille.  For example, the word “men” is displayed using the braille symbols for “m” and “en”.  The word “women” would use the braille symbols for “w”, “o”, “m”, and “en”.  Some grouping of letters have no contracted form, such as exit which would appear as “e”, “x”, “i”, and “t”.  Also, numbers have no contracted form.  Numbers in braille are created by using “a” to “j” for 1 to 0.  By putting a “#” sign in front of the letter or letters the reader is told these are numbers not letters.  Therefore, #abc means 123 and #aj means 10.

V703.4 Installation Height and Location.  Signs with tactile characters shall comply with V703.4.

V703.5 Visual Characters.  Visual characters shall comply with V703.5.

Exception:  Where visual characters comply with V703.2 and are accompanied by braille complying with V703.3, they shall not be required to comply with V703.5.2 through V703.5.9.

V703.6 Pictograms.  Pictograms shall comply with V703.6.

V703.7 Symbols of Accessibility.  Symbols of accessibility shall comply with V703.7.

V704 Telephones

V704.1 General.  Public telephones shall comply with V704.

V704.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones.  Wheelchair accessible telephones shall comply with V704.2.

V704.3 Volume Control Telephones.  Public telephones required to have volume controls shall be equipped with a receive volume control that provides a gain adjustable up to 20 dB minimum.  For incremental volume control, provide at least one intermediate step of 12 dB of gain minimum.  An automatic reset shall be provided.

Advisory V704.3 Volume Control Telephones.  Amplifiers on pay phones are located in the base or the handset or are built into the telephone.  Most are operated by pressing a button or key.  If the microphone in the handset is not being used, a mute button that temporarily turns off the microphone can also reduce the amount of background noise which the person hears in the earpiece.  If a volume adjustment is provided that allows the user to set the level anywhere from the base volume to the upper requirement of 20 dB, there is no need to specify a lower limit.  If a stepped volume control is provided, one of the intermediate levels must provide 12 dB of gain.  Consider compatibility issues when matching an amplified handset with a phone or phone system.  Amplified handsets that can be switched with pay telephone handsets are available.  Portable and inline amplifiers can be used with some phones but are not practical at most public phones covered by these requirements.

V704.4 TTYs.  TTYs required at a public telephone shall be permanently affixed within, or adjacent to, the telephone enclosure.  Where an acoustic coupler is used, the telephone cord shall be sufficiently long to allow connection of the TTY and the telephone receiver.

V705 Two-Way Communication Systems

V705.1 General.  Two-way communication systems shall comply with V705.

Advisory V705.1 General.  Devices that do not require handsets are easier to use by people who have a limited reach.

V705.2 Audible and Visual Indicators.  The system shall provide both audible and visual signals.

Advisory V705.2 Audible and Visual Indicators.  A light can be used to indicate visually that assistance is on the way.  Signs indicating the meaning of visual signals should be provided.

V705.3 Handsets.  Handset cords, if provided, shall be 29 inches (735 mm) long minimum.

V706 Assistive Listening Systems

V706.1 General.  Assistive listening systems shall comply with V706.

V706.2 Receiver Jacks.  Receivers required for use with an assistive listening system shall include a 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) standard mono jack.

V706.3 Receiver Hearing-Aid Compatibility.  Receivers required to be hearing-aid compatible shall interface with telecoils in hearing aids through the provision of neckloops.

Advisory V706.3 Receiver Hearing-Aid Compatibility.  The telecoil is a circuit installed inside many hearing aids (and cochlear implants).  When the hearing aid is set to the telecoil mode, the hearing aid can pick up the electromagnetic energy emitted from the neckloop which is connected to an infrared or FM receiver.  Receivers that are not compatible with hearing aids include those connected to earbuds (which may require removal of hearing aids), and earphones and headsets that must be worn over the ear which can create disruptive interference in the transmission and can be uncomfortable for people wearing hearing aids.  Some headsets can function as neckloops.  An exception is provided in V219.3 regarding the requirement of V706.3 where induction loop systems are installed.

V706.4 Sound Pressure Level.  Assistive listening systems shall be capable of providing a sound pressure level of 110 dB minimum and 118 dB maximum with a dynamic range on the volume control of 50 dB.

V706.5 Signal-to-Noise Ratio.  The signal-to-noise ratio for internally generated noise in assistive listening systems shall be 18 dB minimum.

V706.6 Peak Clipping Level.  Peak clipping shall not exceed 18 dB of clipping relative to the peaks of speech.

V707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines

Advisory V707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines.  Interactive transaction machines (ITMs), other than ATMs, are not covered by Section V707.  However, for entities covered by the ADA, the Department of Justice regulations that implement the ADA provide additional guidance regarding the relationship between these requirements and elements that are not directly addressed by these requirements.  Federal procurement law requires that ITMs purchased by the Federal government comply with standards issued by the Access Board under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended.  This law covers a variety of products, including computer hardware and software, websites, phone systems, fax machines, copiers, and similar technologies.  For more information on Section 508 consult the Access Board’s website at www.access-board.gov.

V707.1 General.  Automatic teller machines and fare machines shall comply with V707.

Advisory V707.1 General.  If farecards have one tactually distinctive corner they can be inserted with greater accuracy.  Token collection devices that are designed to accommodate tokens which are perforated can allow a person to distinguish more readily between tokens and common coins.  Place accessible gates and fare vending machines in close proximity to other accessible elements when feasible so the facility is easier to use.

V707.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 shall be provided.

V707.3 Operable Parts.  Operable parts shall comply with V309.  Unless a clear or correct key is provided, each operable part shall be able to be differentiated by sound or touch, without activation.

V707.4 Privacy.  Automatic teller machines shall provide the opportunity for the same degree of privacy of input and output available to all individuals.

Advisory V707.4 Privacy.  In addition to people who are blind or visually impaired, people with limited reach who use wheelchairs or have short stature, who cannot effectively block the ATM screen with their bodies, may prefer to use speech output.  Speech output users can benefit from an option to render the visible screen blank, thereby affording them greater personal security and privacy.

V707.5 Speech Output.  Machines shall be speech enabled.  Operating instructions and orientation, visible transaction prompts, user input verification, error messages, and all displayed information for full use shall be accessible to and independently usable by individuals with vision impairments.  Speech shall be delivered through a mechanism that is readily available to all users, including but not limited to, an industry standard connector or a telephone handset.  Speech shall be recorded or digitized human, or synthesized.

Exceptions:  1.  Audible tones shall be permitted instead of speech for visible output that is not displayed for security purposes, including but not limited to, asterisks representing personal identification numbers.

2.  Advertisements and other similar information shall not be required to be audible unless they convey information that can be used in the transaction being conducted.

3.  Where speech synthesis cannot be supported, dynamic alphabetic output shall not be required to be audible.

Advisory V707.5 Speech Output.  If an ATM provides additional functions such as dispensing coupons, selling theater tickets, or providing copies of monthly statements, all such functions must be available to customers using speech output.  To avoid confusion at the ATM, the method of initiating the speech mode should be easily discoverable and should not require specialized training.  For example, if a telephone handset is provided, lifting the handset can initiate the speech mode.

V707.6 Input.  Input devices shall comply with V707.6.

V707.7 Display Screen.  The display screen shall comply with V707.7.

V707.8 Braille Instructions.  Braille instructions for initiating the speech mode shall be provided.  Braille shall comply with V703.3.

---

Chapter 8:  Special Rooms, Spaces, and Elements

V801 General

V801.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 8 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V802 Wheelchair Spaces, Companion Seats, and Designated Aisle Seats

V802.1 Wheelchair Spaces.  Wheelchair spaces shall comply with V802.1.

V802.2 Lines of Sight.  Lines of sight to the screen, or performance area, for spectators in wheelchair spaces shall comply with V802.2.

V802.3 Companion Seats.  Companion seats shall comply with V802.3.

V802.4 Designated Aisle Seats.  Designated aisle seats shall comply with V802.4.

V803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms

V803.1 General.  Dressing, fitting, and locker rooms shall comply with V803.

Advisory V803.1 General.  Partitions and doors should be designed to ensure that people using accessible dressing and fitting rooms have privacy equivalent to that afforded other users of the facility.  Section V903.5 requires dressing room bench seats to be installed so that they are at the same height as a typical wheelchair seat, 17 inches (430 mm) to 19 inches (485 mm).  However, wheelchair seats can be lower than dressing room benches for people of short stature or children using wheelchairs.

V803.2 Turning Space.  Turning space complying with V304 shall be provided within the room.

V803.3 Door Swing.  Doors shall not swing into the room unless a clear deck space complying with V305.3 is provided, beyond the arc of the door swing.

V803.4 Benches.  A bench complying with V903 shall be provided within the room.

V803.5 Coat Hooks and Shelves.  Coat hooks provided within the room shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in V308.  Shelves shall be 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V804 Galleys and Pantries

V804.1 General.  Galleys and pantries shall comply with V804.

V804.2 Clearance.  Where a pass through galleys is provided, clearances shall comply with V804.2.1.  Where a U-shaped galleys is provided, clearances shall comply with V804.2.2.

Exception:  Spaces that do not provide a cooktop or conventional range shall not be required to comply with V804.2.

Advisory V804.2 Clearance.  Clearances are measured from the furthest projecting face of all opposing base cabinets, counter tops, appliances, or walls, excluding hardware.

V804.3 Sinks.  Sinks shall comply with V606.

V804.4 Storage.  At least 50 percent of shelf space in storage facilities shall comply with V807.

V804.5 Appliances.  Where provided, galleys appliances shall comply with V804.5.

V805 Medical Care Facilities

V805.1 General.  Medical care facility patient sleeping rooms required to provide mobility features shall comply with V805.

V805.2 Turning Space.  Turning space complying with V304 shall be provided within the room.

V805.3 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 shall be provided on each side of the bed.  The clear deck space shall be positioned for a parallel approach to the side of the bed.

V805.4 Toilet and Bathing Rooms.  Toilet and bathing rooms that are provided as part of a patient sleeping room shall comply with V603.  Where provided, no fewer than one water closet, one lavatory, and one bathtub or shower shall comply with the applicable requirements of V603 through V610.

V806 Passenger Guest Rooms

V806.1 General.  Guest rooms shall comply with V806.  Guest rooms required to provide mobility features shall comply with V806.2.  Guest rooms required to provide communication features shall comply with V806.3.

V806.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features.  Guest rooms required to provide mobility features shall comply with V806.2.

Advisory V806.2 Guest Rooms.  The requirements in Section V806.2 do not include requirements that are common to all accessible spaces.  For example, closets in guest rooms must comply with the applicable provisions for storage specified in scoping.

V806.3 Guest Rooms with Communication Features.  Guest rooms required to provide communication features shall comply with V806.3.

V807 Storage

V807.1 General.  Storage shall comply with V807.

V807.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 shall be provided.

V807.3 Height.  Storage elements shall comply with at least one of the reach ranges specified in V308.

V807.4 Operable Parts.  Operable parts shall comply with V309.

---

Chapter 9:  Built-In Elements

V901 General

V901.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 9 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

V902 Tables and Counters

V902.1 General.  Tables and counters shall comply with V902.2 and V902.3.

Exception:  Tables and counters for children’s use shall be permitted to comply with V902.4.

V902.2 Clear Deck Space.  A clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for a forward approach shall be provided.  Knee and toe clearance complying with V306 shall be provided.

Exceptions:  1.  Where raised seating surfaces are provided at tables or counters and the tops of the tables or counters are 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 17 inches (430 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface, clear deck spaces shall be permitted to be positioned for parallel approaches.

2.  Where the top of tables or counters is 10 inches (255 mm) maximum deep, clear deck spaces shall be permitted to be positioned for parallel approaches.

Advisory V902.2 Clear Deck Spaces Exceptions 1 and 2.  Exception 1 addresses situations where the usable surface is too low to provide knee clearance (e.g., a beverage table), but users are still sitting at raised seating surfaces (e.g., chairs, stools, and benches).  Exception 2 addresses where the usable surface is too narrow to provide knee clearance (e.g., narrow counter along a wall).

V902.3 Height.  The tops of tables and counters shall be 28 inches (710 mm) minimum and 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

Exception:  Where clear deck spaces are positioned for parallel approaches, the top of tables and counters shall be permitted to be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 17 inches (430 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V902.4 Tables and Counters for Children’s Use.  Accessible tables and counters for children’s use shall comply with V902.4.

Exception:  Tables and counters that are used primarily by children, 5 years and younger, shall not be required to comply with V902.4 where a clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for a parallel approach is provided.

V903 Benches

V903.1 General.  Benches shall comply with V903.

Advisory V903.1 General.  The technical provisions in V903 are not for typical seating benches.  They have a greater bench depth which assists persons who use wheelchairs or other mobility aids to dress or change their clothes while on the benches.

V903.2 Clear Deck Space.  Clear deck space complying with V305 shall be provided and shall be positioned at the end of the bench seat and parallel to the short axis of the bench.

V903.3 Size.  Benches shall have seats that are 42 inches (1065 mm) long minimum and 20 inches (510 mm) deep minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) deep maximum.

V903.4 Back Support.  The bench shall provide for back support or shall be affixed to a wall.  Back support shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) long minimum and shall extend from a point 2 inches (51 mm) maximum above the seat surface to a point 18 inches (455 mm) minimum above the seat surface.  Back support shall be 2½ inches (64 mm) maximum from the rear edge of the seat measured horizontally.

Advisory V903.4 Back Support.  To assist in transferring to the bench, consider providing grab bars on a wall adjacent to the bench, but not on the seat back.  If provided, grab bars cannot obstruct transfer to the bench.

V903.5 Height.  The top of the bench seat surface shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the finish deck surface.

V903.6 Structural Strength.  Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the seat, fastener, mounting device, or supporting structure.

V903.7 Wet Locations.  Where installed in wet locations, the surface of the seat shall be slip resistant and shall not accumulate water.

V904 Sales and Service Counters

V904.1 General.  Check-out aisles and sales and service counters shall comply with the applicable requirements of V904.

V904.2 Approach.  All portions of counters required to comply with V904 shall be located adjacent to a walking surface complying with V403.

Advisory V904.2 Approach.  If a cash register is provided at the sales or service counter, locate the accessible counter close to the cash register so that a person using a wheelchair is visible to sales or service personnel and to minimize the reach for a person with a disability.

V904.3 Check-Out Aisles.  Check-out aisles shall comply with V904.3.

V904.4 Sales and Service Counters. Sales counters and service counters shall comply with V904.4.1 or V904.4.2.  The accessible portion of the counter top shall extend the same depth as the sales or service counter top.

Exception:  In alterations, when the provision of a counter complying with V904.4 would result in a reduction of the number of existing counters at work stations or a reduction of the number of existing mail boxes, the counter shall be permitted to have a portion which is 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum complying with V904.4.1 if the required clear deck space is centered on the accessible length of the counter.

V904.5 Food Service Lines.  Counters in food service lines shall comply with V904.5.

V904.6 Security Glazing.  Where counters or teller windows have security glazing to separate employees from the passengers, a method to facilitate voice communication shall be provided.  Telephone handset devices, if provided, shall comply with V704.3.

Advisory V904.6 Security Glazing.  Assistive listening devices complying with V706 can facilitate voice communication at counters or teller windows where there is security glazing which promotes distortion in audible information.  Where assistive listening devices are installed, place signs complying with V703.7.2.3 to identify those facilities which are so equipped.  Other voice communication methods include, but are not limited to, grilles, slats, talk-through baffles, intercoms, or telephone handset devices.

---

Chapter 10:  Recreation Facilities and Play Areas

V1001 General

V1001.1 Scope.  The provisions of Chapter 10 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this document.

Advisory V1001.1 Scope.  Unless otherwise modified or specifically addressed in Chapter 10, all other provisions apply to the design and construction of recreation facilities and elements.  The provisions in Section V1001.1 apply wherever these elements are provided.  For example, some passenger vessels may contain a room with exercise equipment to which these sections would apply.

1002 Exercise Machines and Equipment

1002.1 Clear Deck Space.  Exercise machines and equipment shall have a clear deck space complying with V305 positioned for transfer or for use by an individual seated in a wheelchair.  Clear deck spaces required at exercise machines and equipment shall be permitted to overlap.

Advisory V1002.1 Clear Deck Space.  One clear deck space is permitted to be shared between two pieces of exercise equipment.  To optimize space use, designers should carefully consider layout options such as connecting ends of the row and center aisle spaces.  The position of the clear deck space may vary greatly depending on the use of the equipment or machine.  For example, to provide access to a shoulder press machine, clear deck space next to the seat would be appropriate to allow for transfer.  Clear deck space for a bench press machine designed for use by an individual seated in a wheelchair, however, will most likely be centered on the operating mechanisms.

V1003 Miniature Golf Facilities

V1003.1 General.  Miniature golf facilities shall comply with V1003.

V1003.2 Accessible Routes.  Accessible routes serving holes on miniature golf courses shall comply with V402.  Accessible routes located on playing surfaces of miniature golf holes shall be permitted to use the exceptions in V1003.2.

Exceptions:  1.  Playing surfaces shall not be required to comply with V302.2.

2.  Where accessible routes intersect playing surfaces of holes, a 1 inch (25 mm) maximum curb shall be permitted for a width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

3.  A slope not steeper than 1:4 for a 4 inch (100 mm) maximum rise shall be permitted.

4.  Ramp landing slopes specified by V405.7.1 shall be permitted to be 1:20 maximum.

5.  Ramp landing length specified by V405.7.3 shall be permitted to be 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum.

6.  Ramp landing size specified by V405.7.4 shall be permitted to be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum.

7.  Handrails shall not be required on holes.  Where handrails are provided on holes, the handrails shall not be required to comply with V503.

V1003.3 Miniature Golf Holes.  Miniature golf holes shall comply with V1003.3.

V1004 Play Areas

V1004.1 General.  Play areas shall comply with V1004.

V1004.2 Accessible Routes.  Accessible routes serving play areas shall comply with V402 and V1004.2 and shall be permitted to use the exceptions in V1004.2.1 through V1004.2.3.  Where accessible routes serve ground level play components, the vertical clearance shall be 80 inches high (2030 mm) minimum.

V1004.3 Transfer Systems.  Where transfer systems are provided to connect to elevated play components, transfer systems shall comply with V1004.3.

V1004.4 Play Components.  Ground level play components on accessible routes and elevated play components connected by ramps shall comply with V1004.4.

V1005 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas

V1005.1 General.  Where provided, pool lifts, sloped entries, transfer walls, transfer systems, and pool stairs shall comply with V1005.

V1005.2 Pool Lifts.  Pool lifts shall comply with V1005.2.

Advisory V1005.2 Pool Lifts.  There are a variety of seats available on pool lifts ranging from sling seats to those that are preformed or molded.  Pool lift seats with backs will enable a larger population of persons with disabilities to use the lift.  Pool lift seats that consist of materials that resist corrosion and provide a firm base to transfer will be usable by a wider range of people with disabilities.  Additional options such as armrests, head rests, seat belts, and leg support will enhance accessibility and better accommodate people with a wide range of disabilities.

V1005.3 Sloped Entries.  Sloped entries shall comply with V1005.3.

Advisory V1005.3 Sloped Entries.  Personal wheelchairs and mobility devices may not be appropriate for submerging in water.  Some may have batteries, motors, and electrical systems that when submerged in water may cause damage to the personal mobility device or wheelchair or may contaminate the pool water.  Providing an aquatic wheelchair made of non-corrosive materials and designed for access into the water will protect the water from contamination and avoid damage to personal wheelchairs or other mobility aids.

V1005.4 Transfer Walls.  Transfer walls shall comply with V1005.4.

V1005.5 Transfer Systems.  Transfer systems shall comply with V1005.5.

V1005.6 Pool Stairs.  Pool stairs shall comply with V1005.6.

V1006 Shooting Positions

V1006.1 Turning Space.  A circular turning space 60 inches (1525 mm) diameter minimum with slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be provided at firing positions.

---

Chapter 11:  Tenders

V1101 General.  Tenders shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 11 where required by V201.1.3.

V1102 Wheelchair Spaces.  At least two wheelchair spaces shall be provided and shall comply V1102.

V1102.1 Deck Surface.  The deck surface of wheelchair spaces shall comply with V302.  Changes in level are not permitted.

Exception:  Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

V1102.2 Width.  A single wheelchair space shall be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum.  Where two adjacent wheelchair spaces are provided, each wheelchair space shall be 33 inches (840 mm) wide minimum.

V1102.3 Depth.  Wheelchair spaces shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) deep minimum.

V1102.4 Securement.  Wheelchair spaces shall be provided with securement systems which limit the movement of occupied wheelchairs or mobility aids under normal tender operating conditions.

V1103 Accessible Route.  At least one onboard accessible route complying with V402 shall connect each wheelchair space to the entry and departure points of the tender used by passengers in non-emergency conditions serving the seating area in which the wheelchair space is located.

V1104 Boarding Systems.  Where tenders embark or disembark passengers to vessels, fixed piers, floating piers, or landside structures, a method complying with criteria established by the US Department of Transportation shall be provided to facilitate the embarkation and disembarkation of passengers with disabilities.